Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, Paris, France; HRB Clinical Research Facility, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; Institute of Ecology and Evolution, and Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Trends Parasitol. 2022 Dec;38(12):1031-1040. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2022.09.004. Epub 2022 Oct 5.
Proof-of-concept studies demonstrate that antimalarial drugs designed for human treatment can also be applied to mosquitoes to interrupt malaria transmission. Deploying a new control tool is ideally undertaken within a stewardship programme that maximises a drug's lifespan by minimising the risk of resistance evolution and slowing its spread once emerged. We ask: what are the epidemiological and evolutionary consequences of targeting parasites within mosquitoes? Our synthesis argues that targeting parasites inside mosquitoes (i) can be modelled by readily expanding existing epidemiological frameworks; (ii) provides a functionally novel control method that has potential to be more robust to resistance evolution than targeting parasites in humans; and (iii) could extend the lifespan and clinical benefit of antimalarials used exclusively to treat humans.
概念验证研究表明，专为人类治疗设计的抗疟药物也可以应用于蚊子，以阻断疟疾传播。在实施一项新的控制工具时，理想情况下应采用管理方案，通过最大限度地降低耐药性进化的风险和减缓耐药性出现后的传播速度，来延长药物的使用寿命。我们提出的问题是：针对蚊子体内寄生虫的目标会带来哪些流行病学和进化后果？我们的综合分析认为，针对蚊子体内寄生虫的目标（i）可以通过扩展现有的流行病学框架来建模；（ii）提供了一种功能新颖的控制方法，相对于针对人类体内寄生虫的方法，它具有更强的抗耐药性进化潜力；（iii）可以延长专门用于治疗人类的抗疟药物的使用寿命和临床效益。
