Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, Rorschacher Strasse 95, 9007, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
BMC Pediatr. 2022 Oct 8;22(1):584. doi: 10.1186/s12887-022-03637-z.
The size of the anterior visual pathway (AVP) structures is affected by patient age and pathology. Normative data is useful when determining whether pathology is present. AVP structures do not respect the standard planes of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The aim of this study was to produce normative age-related and axis-corrected data of the AVP structures using multiplanar reformation (MPR) of high-resolution 3D T2-weighted fast spin echo (3D T2w FSE) images.
For each patient 32 measurements of AVP structures were obtained in 145 children (2 months - 18 years) with normal brain MR studies on high-resolution 3D T2w FSE images adjusted to the axis of each AVP structure. Descriptive statistics were calculated for different age classes and growth models were fitted to the data and assessed for their performance to create a formal statistical model that allows inference beyond the sample.
Descriptive statistics were compiled in a reference table and prediction plots in relation to age, height, and body surface area (BSA) were obtained from the best overall performing statistical model, also taking field strength (1.5 vs. 3 T) into account. Intraclass correlation coefficient values were calculated for all variables ranging from 0.474 to 0.967, the most reliable being the transverse diameter of the globe, the maximum diameter of the retrobulbar nerve sheath, the intracranial segment of the optic nerve and the transverse diameter of the chiasm. The maximum retrobulbar diameter of the optic nerve sheath and the lateral superoinferior diameter of the chiasm showed no statistically significant change with age.
Detailed charts of reference values for AVP structures as well as prediction plots in relation to age, height and BSA were established using axis-corrected measurements from the MPR of high-resolution 3D T2w FSE images. Furthermore, an Excel spreadsheet that allows users to calculate normative values for the 9 AVP structures of key interest is provided as supplementary material.
前视路（AVP）结构的大小受患者年龄和病理学的影响。当确定是否存在病理学时，规范数据很有用。AVP 结构不遵守磁共振（MR）成像的标准平面。本研究的目的是使用高分辨率 3D T2 加权快速自旋回波（3D T2w FSE）图像的多平面重建（MPR）生成与年龄相关的 AVP 结构的规范数据，并进行轴校正。
对 145 名正常脑 MR 研究的儿童（2 个月至 18 岁）的高分辨率 3D T2w FSE 图像进行 AVP 结构的 32 次测量，这些图像经过调整以适应每个 AVP 结构的轴。为不同年龄组计算描述性统计数据，并拟合生长模型以评估其性能，以创建一个正式的统计模型，允许对样本进行推断。
将描述性统计数据汇编成参考表，并从表现最佳的整体统计模型中获得与年龄、身高和体表面积（BSA）相关的预测图，同时还考虑了磁场强度（1.5 与 3T）。所有变量的组内相关系数值在 0.474 到 0.967 之间，最可靠的是眼球的横径、球后神经鞘的最大直径、视神经的颅内段和视交叉的横径。视神经鞘的最大眶后直径和视交叉的外侧上下直径与年龄无统计学显著变化。
使用高分辨率 3D T2w FSE 图像的 MPR 进行轴校正测量，建立了 AVP 结构的详细参考值图表以及与年龄、身高和 BSA 相关的预测图。此外，还提供了一个 Excel 电子表格作为补充材料，允许用户计算 9 个关键 AVP 结构的规范值。
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