The Affiliated Chenzhou Hospital, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China; Department of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China.
The Affiliated Chenzhou Hospital, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Chenzhou, China; Department of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China.
Microb Pathog. 2022 Dec;173(Pt A):105812. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105812. Epub 2022 Oct 6.
Chlamydia-induced diseases are a significant human health disease. In recent years, a large number of studies have helped to gradually improve our understanding of chlamydia. For example, in the lifestyle of a parasitic host, chlamydia infection stimulates T cell and macrophage-mediated immune responses in the host. Different immune cells produce different cytokines and different immune effects. Th1 cells produce IL-2, IL-12, and IFN-γ, while Th2 cells produce IL-4 and IL-10. The two cytokines produced by T cells play different roles when chlamydia infects the host. In which immune link are these cytokines produced and what role do they play after production? Understanding these mechanisms of action, will help us to develop new strategies against problems caused by chlamydia. Chlamydia trachomatis infection often shows persistence and repeatability due to the lack of bactericidal immunity in humans. The consequences of persistent chlamydia infection can be severe, and can include salpingitis and follicular conjunctival scarring. Recently, many studies have suggested that chlamydia-induced changes in inflammation can affect humans and animals to varying degrees. It is important to study the ways in which these changes can influence the mammalian hosts. Herein, we investigated changes in cytokine expression following chlamydial infection, how this affects disease pathogenesis in chlamydia, and we use this to understand the cause of the high recurrence rate after chlamydial infection. In addition, we summarize the different cytokines produced by other immune cells after chlamydia infection, emphasizing the interaction between various cytokines. Finally, we outline how to deal with the duality of cytokines and reduce their adverse effects after protoplasmic infection.
衣原体引起的疾病是重大的人类健康疾病。近年来，大量的研究有助于逐渐提高我们对衣原体的认识。例如，在寄生宿主的生活方式中，衣原体感染刺激宿主中的 T 细胞和巨噬细胞介导的免疫反应。不同的免疫细胞产生不同的细胞因子和不同的免疫效应。Th1 细胞产生 IL-2、IL-12 和 IFN-γ，而 Th2 细胞产生 IL-4 和 IL-10。当衣原体感染宿主时，T 细胞产生的两种细胞因子发挥不同的作用。在这些免疫环节中，这些细胞因子是如何产生的，产生后又发挥什么作用？了解这些作用机制将有助于我们制定针对衣原体问题的新策略。由于人类缺乏杀菌性免疫，沙眼衣原体感染常表现出持续性和复发性。持续性衣原体感染的后果可能很严重，包括输卵管炎和滤泡性结膜瘢痕。最近，许多研究表明，衣原体引起的炎症变化可以在不同程度上影响人类和动物。研究这些变化如何影响哺乳动物宿主是很重要的。在此，我们研究了衣原体感染后细胞因子表达的变化，以及这些变化如何影响衣原体发病机制，并利用这些知识了解衣原体感染后高复发率的原因。此外，我们总结了衣原体感染后其他免疫细胞产生的不同细胞因子，强调了各种细胞因子之间的相互作用。最后，我们概述了如何应对细胞因子的双重性，并减少其在原生质体感染后的不良影响。
