Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Center for Forestry and Wood, piazza Nicolini 6 loc. Villazzano, 38123, Trento, Italy.
Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Center for Animal Production and Aquaculture, viale Piacenza 29, 26900, Lodi, Italy.
Chem Biodivers. 2022 Nov;19(11):e202200628. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202200628. Epub 2022 Nov 3.
Achillea erba-rotta subsp. moschata (Wulfen) I. Richardson is endemic of the Central Alps and distributed in several Italian Regions, where is used for its medicinal and aromatic properties. Nine wild populations of the species were characterized for their essential oil content and composition. In total 45 components were detected of which 40 were identified, accounting from 96.3 % to 98.8 % of the total oil. Monoterpenes represented the main class of compounds (from 84 % to 90.9 %), being cis-thujone (from 1.1 % to 48.4 %), camphor (from 1.8 % to 36.9 %), 1,8-cineole (from 4.9 % to 23.4 %), trans-thujone (from 2.2 % to 33.9 %) and p-cymene (from 1.8 % to 4.8 %) the most abundant ones. The relative amount of chamazulene, detected in some accessions, was here reported for the first time in this species. High variability in the essential oil composition resulted among the investigated accessions, which were grouped by multivariate analysis into four main clusters, in some cases according to their site of origin. Beyond their possible chemo-systematic significance, the obtained results represent useful indications for the selection of interesting chemotypes within the species, especially in the perspective of its future cultivation.
银蒿亚种毛叶（Wulfen）I. 理查森是中央阿尔卑斯山的特有种，分布于意大利的几个地区，因其药用和芳香特性而被使用。对该物种的九个野生种群进行了特征描述，包括其精油含量和组成。共检测到 45 种成分，其中 40 种已被鉴定，占总油的 96.3%至 98.8%。单萜是主要的化合物类别（占 84%至 90.9%），顺式-侧柏酮（1.1%至 48.4%）、樟脑（1.8%至 36.9%）、1,8-桉叶素（4.9%至 23.4%）、反式-侧柏酮（2.2%至 33.9%）和对伞花烃（1.8%至 4.8%）含量最丰富。在一些样本中检测到的天蓝烃的相对含量，这是在该物种中首次报道。在所研究的样本中，精油组成存在高度的变异性，通过多元分析将其分为四个主要聚类，在某些情况下是根据其起源地进行聚类的。除了它们可能的化学分类学意义之外，这些结果为在该物种中选择具有有趣化学型的样本提供了有用的指示，特别是在未来种植的前景方面。
