Kumar Abhiram, Sakhare Kalyani, Bhattacharya Dwaipayan, Chattopadhyay Raktim, Parikh Purvish, Narayan Kumar P, Mukherjee Anubhab
Esperer Onco Nutrition Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, India.
Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Pilani, Hyderabad, India.
Front Nutr. 2022 Sep 21;9:966152. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.966152. eCollection 2022.
Conveyance of pathogens between organisms causes communicable diseases. On the other hand, a non-communicable disease (NCD) was always thought to have no causative transmissible infective agents. Today, this clear distinction is increasingly getting blurred and NCDs are found to be associated with some transmissible components. The human microbiota carries a congregation of microbes, the majority and the most widely studied being bacteria in the gut. The adult human gut harbors ginormous inhabitant microbes, and the microbiome accommodates 150-fold more genes than the host genome. Microbial communities share a mutually beneficial relationship with the host, especially with respect to host physiology including digestion, immune responses, and metabolism. This review delineates the connection between environmental factors such as infections leading to gut dysbiosis and NCDs and explores the evidence regarding possible causal link between them. We also discuss the evidence regarding the value of appropriate therapeutic immunomodulatory nutritional interventions to reduce the development of such diseases. We behold such immunomodulatory effects have the potential to influence in various NCDs and restore homeostasis. We believe that the beginning of the era of microbiota-oriented personalized treatment modalities is not far away.
病原体在生物体之间的传播会引发传染病。另一方面，非传染性疾病（NCD）一直被认为没有致病性的可传播感染因子。如今，这种明确的区分越来越模糊，人们发现非传染性疾病与一些可传播成分有关。人类微生物群携带大量微生物，其中研究最多、数量也最多的是肠道细菌。成年人体内的肠道容纳着大量的微生物居民，微生物组所含的基因比宿主基因组多150倍。微生物群落与宿主存在互利关系，尤其是在宿主生理方面，包括消化、免疫反应和新陈代谢。这篇综述阐述了感染等环境因素导致肠道菌群失调与非传染性疾病之间的联系，并探讨了它们之间可能存在因果关系的证据。我们还讨论了适当的治疗性免疫调节营养干预措施对于减少此类疾病发生的价值的证据。我们认为这种免疫调节作用有可能影响各种非传染性疾病并恢复体内平衡。我们相信，以微生物群为导向的个性化治疗模式时代的到来已为期不远。
