Isaura Emyr Reisha, Chen Yang-Ching, Yang Shwu-Huey
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Front Nutr. 2022 Sep 23;9:948208. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.948208. eCollection 2022.
Food insecurity problems still exist among people in low-to-middle income countries. The long-term disadvantages of socioeconomic status may contribute to chronic food insecurity. However, whether childhood socioeconomic status factors are related to food insecurity in adulthood remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to test the association between childhood socioeconomic status factors and one of the proxies for adulthood food security, dietary diversity. This study used the 2014 RAND Indonesia Family Life Survey dataset with 22,559 adult participants as study samples. The childhood socioeconomic status factors consisted of 16 questions about the participants' conditions when they were 12 years old. Adult dietary diversity was assessed using the United Nations World Food Programme's food consumption score. A linear regression model was used to analyze the association between variables. This study found that the number of owned books (β coef.: 3.713-7.846, < 0.001), the use of safe drinking-water sources (β coef.: 0.707-5.447, < 0.001-0.009) and standard toilets (β coef.: 1.263-4.955, < 0.001-0.002), parents with the habit of alcohol consumption (β coef.: 2.983, = 0.044) or the combination with smoking habits (β coef.: 1.878, < 0.001), self-employed with the permanent worker (β coef.: 2.904, = 0.001), still married biological parents (β coef.: 1.379, < 0.001), the number of rooms (β coef.: 0.968, < 0.001), people (β coef.: 0.231, < 0.001), and younger siblings (β coef.: 0.209-0.368, < 0.001-0.039) in the same house were positively and significantly associated with the outcome variable. Furthermore, in the order of childhood socioeconomic status factors, self-employment without permanent workers and casual work types (β coef.: -9.661 to -2.094, < 0.001-0.001), houses with electricity facilities (β coef.: -4.007, < 0.001), and parents with smoking habits (β coef.: -0.578, = 0.006) were negatively and significantly associated with the food security proxy. In conclusion, childhood and early socioeconomic disadvantage is related to adult food security status and may lead to poor health.
中低收入国家人群中仍存在粮食不安全问题。社会经济地位的长期劣势可能导致长期的粮食不安全。然而，儿童时期的社会经济地位因素与成年后的粮食不安全是否相关仍不明确。因此，本研究的目的是检验儿童时期的社会经济地位因素与成年后粮食安全的一个代理指标——饮食多样性之间的关联。本研究使用了2014年印度尼西亚兰德家庭生活调查数据集，以22559名成年参与者作为研究样本。儿童时期的社会经济地位因素由16个关于参与者12岁时状况的问题组成。使用联合国世界粮食计划署的食物消费得分来评估成年人的饮食多样性。采用线性回归模型分析变量之间的关联。本研究发现，拥有书籍的数量（β系数：3.713 - 7.846，<0.001）、使用安全饮用水源（β系数：0.707 - 5.447，<0.001 - 0.009）和标准厕所（β系数：1.263 - 4.955，<0.001 - 0.002）、有饮酒习惯的父母（β系数：2.983，=0.044）或与吸烟习惯相结合（β系数：1.878，<0.001）、个体经营者与长期工人相比（β系数：2.904，=0.001）、亲生父母仍处于婚姻关系（β系数：1.379，<0.001）、房间数量（β系数：0.968，<0.001）、同一房屋内的人数（β系数：0.231，<0.001）以及弟弟妹妹的数量（β系数：0.209 - 0.368，<0.001 - 0.039）与结果变量呈正相关且具有统计学意义。此外，按儿童时期社会经济地位因素的顺序，无长期工人的个体经营和临时工作类型（β系数：-9.661至-2.094，<0.001 - 0.001）、有电力设施的房屋（β系数：-4.007，<0.001）以及有吸烟习惯的父母（β系数：-0.578，=0.006）与粮食安全代理指标呈负相关且具有统计学意义。总之，儿童时期及早期的社会经济劣势与成年后的粮食安全状况相关，可能导致健康状况不佳。
