Junior Ivaldir de Farias, Marczak Sabrina, Santos Rodrigo, Rodrigues Cleyton, Moura Hermano
University of Pernambuco, Campus Garanhuns (UPE/Multicampi), Recife, Brazil.
School of Computer Science, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Empir Softw Eng. 2022;27(7):188. doi: 10.1007/s10664-022-10211-9. Epub 2022 Oct 1.
Communication is essential in any software development project, particularly those globally distributed where geographical, temporal, and cultural distance may hinder the effectiveness of communication. The challenges imposed by distance often characterize communication as still one of the main drawbacks of globally distributed projects. Therefore, establishing communication processes and practices is relevant to support a team's work. These processes and practices need to be updated and aligned with the team's needs. Thus, assessing and evaluating the maturity of such communication processes and practices is paramount. This article presents a Communication Maturity Model called C2M which aims to help organizations identify the maturity of communication-related aspects by providing an approach for revealing what practices need to be improved. The model is composed of 4 levels of maturity (causal, partially managed, managed and reflective) and 4 areas of maturity (people, project, organizational and engineering) which are organized into 15 maturity factors, each factor comprising a set of practices. The model has 58 practices and each has its specific objectives. The model was empirically developed and evaluated in three well-defined phases. In the conception phase, methodological procedures (Tertiary Study, Systematic Literature Review, and Interviews) were carried out in order to gather relevant information for designing the first version of the C2M model (alpha version). Then, in the refinement phase, two focus group meetings were held in two organizations in order to identify how effectively the model attends its purpose. The results led to a second version of the C2M model (beta version), analyzed by a survey with experts who assessed the representation of the third version of the C2M model-omega version (evaluation phase). All results achieved so far suggest that the model can assist in discovering the maturity level of the communication processes and practices in globally distributed projects. Future works will focus on developing a software tool to help with self-assessment.
沟通在任何软件开发项目中都至关重要，尤其是那些全球分布的项目，因为地理、时间和文化上的距离可能会阻碍沟通的有效性。距离带来的挑战常常使沟通成为全球分布项目的主要缺点之一。因此，建立沟通流程和实践对于支持团队工作至关重要。这些流程和实践需要更新并与团队需求保持一致。因此，评估此类沟通流程和实践的成熟度至关重要。本文提出了一种名为C2M的沟通成熟度模型，旨在通过提供一种揭示需要改进哪些实践的方法，帮助组织识别与沟通相关方面的成熟度。该模型由4个成熟度级别（因果、部分管理、管理和反思）和4个成熟度领域（人员、项目、组织和工程）组成，这些领域被组织成15个成熟度因素，每个因素都包含一组实践。该模型有58种实践，每种实践都有其特定目标。该模型是通过三个明确的阶段进行实证开发和评估的。在概念阶段，开展了方法程序（三级研究、系统文献综述和访谈），以收集设计C2M模型第一版（alpha版）的相关信息。然后，在完善阶段，在两个组织中举行了两次焦点小组会议，以确定该模型实现其目标的有效程度。结果产生了C2M模型的第二版（beta版），通过与评估C2M模型第三版——omega版（评估阶段）代表性的专家进行的调查进行分析。目前取得的所有结果表明，该模型可以帮助发现全球分布项目中沟通流程和实践的成熟度水平。未来的工作将集中在开发一个软件工具以帮助进行自我评估。
