School of Geography and Ocean Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; College of Marine Geo-Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 26610, China; College of Marine Geo-Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jan 20;857(Pt 1):159286. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159286. Epub 2022 Oct 7.
Heavy metals (HMs) are considered a major pollutant of the surface sediments of the continental shelf. However, there remains little in-depth research on their fate in the ocean, and particularly on their abundance in sediments and the water column and the underlying drivers. This study examined the concentrations of HMs (Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Cd, and As) in surface sediments and suspended particulate matter (SPM) around the coastal area of Shandong Peninsula, China. The division of the sedimentary environment and influencing factors were also analyzed using multivariate statistical analysis Fuzzy c-means (FCM) cluster and Non-Linear Mapping (NLM). The study attempted to understand the distribution and remobilization of HMs in the shallow marginal sea using multi-disciplinary approaches, including satellite remote sensing and numerical simulation. The results showed higher HMs in the surface sediments in Weihai Bay (Zone I) than in the junction of the Chengshantou Cap (Zone III) and north of Wei Bay (Zone II). In addition, the results suggested that Cu, Zn, Cr and Pb originated from natural weathering, with their spatial distributions in the three zones highly regulated by sediment grain size, total nitrogen (TN), and total carbon (TC). In contrast, Cd and As originated from anthropogenic contamination (e.g., industrial discharges and aquaculture) in Zone I. HMs (except As) were influenced by terrigenous total organic carbon (TOC) in Zone III. The results of this study suggest that the difference in sediment re-suspension intensity has an important influence on the distribution of HM concentrations in the north Yellow Sea. This study can act as a reference for understanding the fates and source-sink processes of HMs in offshore sediments. The coupling behaviors and microscopic suspension properties of HMs in surface sediments and SPM require further investigation.
重金属（HMs）被认为是大陆架表层沉积物的主要污染物。然而，人们对它们在海洋中的命运，尤其是在沉积物和水柱中的丰度及其潜在驱动因素方面的研究还很少。本研究调查了中国山东半岛沿海地区表层沉积物和悬浮颗粒物（SPM）中 HMs（Cu、Zn、Cr、Pb、Cd 和 As）的浓度。还利用多元统计分析模糊 c-均值（FCM）聚类和非线性映射（NLM）分析了沉积环境的划分和影响因素。本研究试图利用多学科方法，包括卫星遥感和数值模拟，了解浅海边缘海 HMs 的分布和再迁移。结果表明，威海湾（I 区）表层沉积物中 HMs 含量较高，而成山头岬（III 区）和威海湾北部（II 区）交界处含量较低。此外，结果表明，Cu、Zn、Cr 和 Pb 源自自然风化，其在三个区域的空间分布受沉积物粒径、总氮（TN）和总碳（TC）的高度调控。相比之下，Cd 和 As 源自 I 区的人为污染（如工业排放和水产养殖）。HMs（除 As 外）在 III 区受陆源总有机碳（TOC）的影响。本研究结果表明，沉积物再悬浮强度的差异对北黄海 HMs 浓度分布有重要影响。本研究可为了解近海沉积物中 HMs 的命运和源汇过程提供参考。HMs 在表层沉积物和 SPM 中的耦合行为和微观悬浮特性需要进一步研究。
