Vuk Tomislav, Politis Constantina, Laspina Stefan, Lozano Miquel, Haddad Antoine, de Angelis Vincenzo, Garraud Olivier
Croatian Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.
Coordinating Centre for Haemovigilance and Surveillance of Transfusion, National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece.
Transfus Clin Biol. 2023 Feb;30(1):166-172. doi: 10.1016/j.tracli.2022.09.070. Epub 2022 Oct 8.
Since its emergence in the early 1990s, hemovigilance has gradually evolved from a blood safety concept focused on surveillance of adverse reactions and events in patients, to a well-defined system that monitors the entire transfusion chain and improves its safety. The importance of hemovigilance has been recognized globally in a relatively short time, but the level of its implementation varies significantly between countries. The cooperation of international organizations has significantly contributed to the promotion, implementation, and education in this field. Thanks to initiatives taken, the safety of transfusion practice has been improved in many segments, primarily related to the risks of adverse events in recipients of blood components. In parallel with changing transfusion practice, the hemovigilance process has also matured. In addition to the reduction of existing risks and the early detection of emerging risks, hemovigilance has also embraced the principles of patient blood management. Research in hemovigilance is more increasingly focused on specific categories of patients, specific blood components and methods of their preparation, rare reactions, and transfusion efficacy and efficiency. A proactive approach and use of big data can play an important role in achieving these goals. Additional and sustained efforts should be made to prevent underreporting of events and to improve data comparability through clear definitions and grading systems. This review provides a historical overview of hemovigilance and its achievements, current challenges, and future plans.
自20世纪90年代初出现以来，血液监测已逐渐从一个专注于监测患者不良反应和事件的血液安全概念，演变为一个明确的系统，该系统监测整个输血链并提高其安全性。血液监测的重要性在相对较短的时间内已得到全球认可，但各国的实施水平差异很大。国际组织的合作对该领域的推广、实施和教育做出了重大贡献。由于采取了一系列举措，输血实践的安全性在许多方面都得到了改善，主要涉及血液成分接受者发生不良事件的风险。随着输血实践的不断变化，血液监测过程也日益成熟。除了降低现有风险和早期发现新出现的风险外，血液监测还纳入了患者血液管理的原则。血液监测研究越来越关注特定类别的患者、特定的血液成分及其制备方法、罕见反应以及输血效果和效率。积极主动的方法和大数据的应用在实现这些目标方面可以发挥重要作用。应做出更多持续努力，以防止事件报告不足，并通过明确的定义和分级系统提高数据的可比性。本综述提供了血液监测的历史概况及其成就、当前挑战和未来计划。
