Macri Elizabeth, Azhar Yusra
Department of Neurology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Semin Neurol. 2022 Oct;42(5):549-557. doi: 10.1055/a-1957-8449. Epub 2022 Oct 10.
Fasting has been widely studied in both prevention and treatment of many neurologic disorders. Some conditions may be prevented with any type of fasting, while some may require a stricter regimen. Fasting reduces weight, fasting blood glucose, and insulin resistance, and favorably alters the gut biome and the immune system. This article discusses various versions of fasting that have been studied as well as the known and theoretical mechanisms of how fasting effects the body and the brain. This article will then review evidence supporting the potential preventive and treatment effects of fasting in specific neurologic disorders including ameliorating the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, improving cognition in Alzheimer's disease, reducing migraine frequency and intensity, and reducing seizure frequency in epilepsy.
禁食在许多神经系统疾病的预防和治疗方面都得到了广泛研究。任何类型的禁食都可能预防某些疾病，而有些疾病可能需要更严格的方案。禁食可减轻体重、降低空腹血糖和胰岛素抵抗，并对肠道微生物群和免疫系统产生有益改变。本文讨论了已被研究的各种禁食方式，以及禁食影响身体和大脑的已知和理论机制。然后，本文将综述支持禁食对特定神经系统疾病具有潜在预防和治疗作用的证据，包括改善帕金森病症状、提高阿尔茨海默病认知能力、降低偏头痛频率和强度以及减少癫痫发作频率。
