Programa de Pós-Graduação em Análise e Modelagem de Sistemas Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Departamento de Cartografia, Instituto de Geociências, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-900 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2022 Oct 7;94(3):e20201289. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202220201289. eCollection 2022.
Vegetation is expected to influence processes in the water cycle through its structural effects on key ecosystem functions in watersheds. However tropical forests are being submitted to anthropogenic pressures that result in great disturbances in the functioning of ecosystem services. Thus, the present study uses a landscape scale analysis for exploring the associations between land use changes and water availability in the Serra Azul stream watershed. The land use transitions from years 2013 to 2018 were investigated and a set of robust landscape metrics were analyzed across the study region, including water bodies Permanent Preservation Areas. A correlation analysis between the water volume of the Serra Azul reservoir and the landscape metrics was also performed to verify the association between forest resources and water availability. The results show that the region has been submitted to several impacts associated with the loss of forest areas resulting from landscape transformations throughout the region. Forest fragmentation associated to loss of connectivity severely limit water resources availability besides reducing the basin environmental resilience. The role of different management instruments for water resources protection was also discussed, emphasizing the need for participation of stakeholder in the creation process of these environmental protection instruments.
植被预计将通过其对流域关键生态系统功能的结构影响来影响水循环过程。然而，热带雨林正受到人为压力的影响，导致生态系统服务功能发生重大干扰。因此，本研究采用景观尺度分析方法，探讨了塞拉阿祖尔溪流域土地利用变化与水资源可用性之间的关系。研究了 2013 年至 2018 年期间的土地利用转变，并对研究区域内的一系列稳健景观指标进行了分析，包括水体永久保护区。还对塞拉阿祖尔水库的水量与景观指标之间进行了相关分析，以验证森林资源与水资源可用性之间的关系。结果表明，该地区受到了与景观转变相关的多个影响，这些影响导致森林面积的丧失。森林破碎化与连通性的丧失严重限制了水资源的可用性，同时降低了流域的环境恢复力。还讨论了不同水资源保护管理手段的作用，强调了利益相关者参与这些环境保护手段的创建过程的必要性。
