Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
Trends Cell Biol. 2023 Jun;33(6):463-476. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.09.005. Epub 2022 Oct 10.
Olfactory receptors (ORs) are widely expressed in extra-nasal tissues, where they participate in the regulation of divergent physiological processes. An increasing body of evidence over the past decade has revealed important regulatory roles for extra-nasal ORs in glucose metabolism. Recently, nonodorant endogenous ligands of ORs with metabolic significance have been identified, implying the therapeutic potential of ORs in the treatment of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes and obesity. In this review, we summarize current understanding of the expression patterns and functions of ORs in key tissues involved in glucose metabolism modulation, describe odorant and endogenous OR ligands, explain the biased signaling downstream of ORs, and outline OR therapeutic potential.
嗅觉受体（ORs）广泛表达于鼻外组织，在其中参与调节多样化的生理过程。过去十年中，越来越多的证据表明鼻外 ORs 在葡萄糖代谢中发挥着重要的调节作用。最近，已鉴定出具有代谢意义的非气味性内源性 OR 配体，提示 OR 在治疗代谢疾病（如糖尿病和肥胖症）方面具有潜在的治疗作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 OR 在参与葡萄糖代谢调节的关键组织中的表达模式和功能的现有认识，描述了气味性和内源性 OR 配体，解释了 OR 下游的偏向信号传递，并概述了 OR 的治疗潜力。
