Caratti Andrea, Squara Simone, Stilo Federico, Battaglino Sonia, Liberto Erica, Cincera Irene, Genova Giuseppe, Spigolon Nicola, Bicchi Carlo, Cordero Chiara
Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy.
Soremartec Italia SRL, 12051 Alba CN, Italy.
Foods. 2022 Oct 6;11(19):3111. doi: 10.3390/foods11193111.
Edible nuts and dried fruits, usually traded together in the global market, are one of the cornerstones of the Mediterranean diet representing a source of essential nutrients and bioactives. The food industry has an interest in the selection of high-quality materials for new product development while also matching consumers' expectations in terms of sensory quality. In this study, walnuts (), almonds (), and dried pineapples () are selected as food models to develop an integrated analytical strategy for the informative volatile organic compounds (VOCs) quali- and quantitative profiling. The study deals with VOCs monitoring over time (12 months) and in the function of storage conditions (temperature and atmosphere).VOCs are targeted within those: (i) with a role in the product's aroma blueprint (i.e., key-aromas and potent odorants); (ii) responsible for sensory degradation (i.e., rancidity); and/or (iii) formed by lipid autoxidation process. By accurate quantitative determination of volatile lipid oxidation markers (i.e., hexanal, heptanal, octanal, nonanal, decanal, ()-2-heptenal, ()-2-octenal, ()-2-nonenal) product quality benchmarking is achieved. The combination of detailed VOCs profiling by headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and accurate quantification of rancidity markers by multiple headspace-SPME (MHS-SPME) answers many different questions about shelf-life (i.e., aroma, storage stability, impact of temperature and storage atmosphere, rancidity level), while providing reliable and robust data for long-range studies and quality controls. The quantification associated with HS-SPME profiling is demonstrated and critically commented on to help the industrial research in a better understanding of the most suitable analytical strategies for supporting primary materials selection and new product development.
可食用坚果和干果通常在全球市场上一起交易，是地中海饮食的基石之一，代表着必需营养素和生物活性物质的来源。食品行业有兴趣选择高质量的材料用于新产品开发，同时也要符合消费者在感官质量方面的期望。在本研究中，选择核桃、杏仁和干菠萝作为食品模型，以开发一种用于信息性挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）定性和定量分析的综合分析策略。该研究涉及随时间（12个月）以及在储存条件（温度和气氛）作用下的VOCs监测。VOCs的目标包括：（i）在产品香气蓝图中起作用的那些（即关键香气和强效气味物质）；（ii）导致感官降解的那些（即酸败）；和/或（iii）由脂质自氧化过程形成的那些。通过准确定量挥发性脂质氧化标志物（即己醛、庚醛、辛醛、壬醛、癸醛、（E）-2-庚烯醛、（E）-2-辛烯醛、（E）-2-壬烯醛）实现了产品质量基准的设定。顶空固相微萃取（HS-SPME）结合气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）进行详细的VOCs分析，以及通过多次顶空-SPME（MHS-SPME）对酸败标志物进行准确量化，这两者的结合回答了许多关于保质期的不同问题（即香气、储存稳定性、温度和储存气氛的影响、酸败程度），同时为长期研究和质量控制提供了可靠且有力的数据。展示并批判性地评论了与HS-SPME分析相关的量化，以帮助工业研究更好地理解支持主要材料选择和新产品开发的最合适分析策略。
