Chen Zhong, Li Yuheng, Zhang Yichi, Zhang Zhengzheng, Wang Jingsong, Deng Xinghao, Liu Chengxiao, Chen Na, Jiang Chuan, Li Weiping, Song Bin
Department of Sports Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, No.107 on Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Department of Trauma Orthopedics, Chongqing Ninth People's Hospital, Chongqing 400700, China.
J Clin Med. 2022 Sep 23;11(19):5602. doi: 10.3390/jcm11195602.
This study aimed to explore whether the defect of visual function is a risk factor of knee anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) sports injury and to provide a theoretical basis for the primary prevention of ACL sports injury. This cross-sectional study included 392 participants divided into two groups: the sports injury group (287 with sports injury of knee) and the control group (105 healthy volunteers). Participants in the sports injury group were further divided into the ACL-Intact group (133) and the ACL-Deficient group (154). Participants in the sports injury group received a questionnaire about the conditions of their injury (including injury action, site condition, weather, contact) and a visual examination by synoptophore (including binocular vision, subjective and objective oblique angle, visual fusion range, stereoacuity). Participants in the control group only received the visual examination. In the end, we found that low visual fusion range (p = 0.003) and injury action, especially quick turn (p = 0.001), sudden stop (p < 0.001) and jump (p = 0.001), are the major risk factors for ACL injury in the analysis of the integrated data. In addition, athletes with low vision fusion range have increased risk of ACL sports injury when they make a sudden stop on wooden floor, plastic floor or cement floor on cloudy days (OR = 13.208). Visual factors, especially low fusion range, significantly increase the risk of ACL sports injury.
本研究旨在探讨视觉功能缺陷是否为膝关节前交叉韧带（ACL）运动损伤的危险因素，并为ACL运动损伤的一级预防提供理论依据。这项横断面研究纳入了392名参与者，分为两组：运动损伤组（287例膝关节运动损伤患者）和对照组（105名健康志愿者）。运动损伤组的参与者进一步分为ACL完整组（133例）和ACL缺陷组（154例）。运动损伤组的参与者接受了关于其损伤情况的问卷调查（包括损伤动作、部位情况、天气、接触情况）以及使用同视机进行的视觉检查（包括双眼视觉、主观和客观斜视角、视觉融合范围、立体视锐度）。对照组的参与者仅接受了视觉检查。最后，我们发现在综合数据分析中，低视觉融合范围（p = 0.003）以及损伤动作，尤其是快速转身（p = 0.001）、突然停止（p < 0.001）和跳跃（p = 0.001）是ACL损伤的主要危险因素。此外，视觉融合范围低的运动员在阴天在木地板、塑料地板或水泥地板上突然停止时，ACL运动损伤的风险增加（OR = 13.208）。视觉因素，尤其是低融合范围，显著增加了ACL运动损伤的风险。
