Tong Chen, Duan Zemin, Huang Yeyuan, Qiu Shanliang, Si Xiaoliang, Li Zhibao, Yuan Zhijie
School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Aircraft Lightning Protection, Hefei 230009, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Oct 3;22(19):7499. doi: 10.3390/s22197499.
The B-dot sensor is a type of Rogowski coil widely used in the measurement of current. However, the accuracy of the B-dot for measuring aircraft high-frequency lightning current is greatly affected by factors such as numerical integration drift, high-frequency oscillation, and calibration. In this study, a new design and optimization for improving the B-dot measuring accuracy was carried out. To correct the drift of the numerical integral of the measurement signal in differential mode, the measuring current was reconstructed based on the nonlinear least squares method. The sensor was then optimized by isolating the sampling resistance and matching the impedance with a voltage follower. A low-cost coaxial loop calibration system was also designed to calibrate the high frequency and strong magnetic fields more accurately. Finally, the optimized B-dot sensor accuracy was greatly improved with a measuring range of 30 kA/m, an error of 3.1%, and a high-frequency response of 50 MHz. Our study greatly increases the accuracy of measuring aircraft high-frequency lightning current.
B 点传感器是一种广泛应用于电流测量的罗果夫斯基线圈。然而，B 点传感器在测量飞机高频雷电流时的精度会受到数值积分漂移、高频振荡和校准等因素的极大影响。在本研究中，针对提高 B 点测量精度进行了新的设计与优化。为校正差模下测量信号数值积分的漂移，基于非线性最小二乘法对测量电流进行重构。然后通过隔离采样电阻并使用电压跟随器匹配阻抗对传感器进行优化。还设计了一种低成本的同轴线圈校准系统，以更精确地校准高频和强磁场。最后，优化后的 B 点传感器精度大幅提高，测量范围为 30 kA/m，误差为 3.1%，高频响应为 50 MHz。我们的研究极大地提高了飞机高频雷电流的测量精度。
