他们自己的一场瘟疫：与新冠疫情前的赛季相比，2021年美国职业棒球大联盟赛季的伤病发生率仍然居高不下。
A Plague of Their Own: Injury Incidence Remains Elevated in the 2021 Major League Baseball Season Compared to Pre-COVID-19 Seasons.
作者信息
Platt Brooks N, Sullivan Breanna M, Dripchak Shawn, Uhl Timothy L, Sciascia Aaron D, Kibler William, Stone Austin V
机构信息
Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky.
出版信息
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2022 Oct 1;17(6):1104-1112. doi: 10.26603/001c.38479. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
Significant increases in injuries were observed in the 2020 Major League Baseball (MLB) season; these were attributed to an increased acute to chronic workload due to the interrupted preseason and compressed season during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In 2021, the MLB resumed its regular schedule.
HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the injury incidence and epidemiology of the 2021 MLB season compared to the injury incidence in the 2020 season and pre-COVID-19 seasons. The hypothesis was that, with the return to normal preseason training, injury incidence in 2021 would return to pre-COVID-19 rates. Additionally, it was hypothesized that injury list (IL) placements at midseason 2021 would be decreased relative to 2020 due to the uninterrupted preseason yet increased at full season 2021 due to increased overall workload from 2020.
STUDY DESIGN
Descriptive epidemiology study.
METHODS
The MLB transactions database was searched for players placed on the IL between 2018 and 2021. Injuries were categorized by body part and player position. Incidence per 1000 athlete-exposures was calculated for the pre-COVID-19 (2018-2019), 2020, and 2021 seasons. The z test for proportions was used to determine significant differences between injury incidences.
RESULTS
The injury incidence rate by midseason 2021 (9.32) compared to 2020 (8.66) was not significantly different (p=0.234). At full season 2021, injury incidence rate (8.69) was significantly higher than pre-COVID-19 seasons (5.13, p<0.001), but not 2020 (p=0.952). When comparing full season 2021 to 2020, increased foot/ankle (0.50 vs 0.14, respectively, p<0.001) and miscellaneous (1.92 vs 0.68, respectively, p<0.001) injuries were observed.
CONCLUSION
The overall injury incidence in 2021 was significantly higher than pre-COVID-19 seasons, and no significant difference was observed between both mid- and full season 2021 and 2020, refuting the hypotheses. This signifies that injury incidence remained elevated in the 2021 season despite resumption of preseason training and a regular season.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
背景
在2020年美国职业棒球大联盟（MLB）赛季中，受伤情况显著增加；这归因于2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间季前赛中断和赛季压缩导致急性到慢性工作量增加。2021年，MLB恢复了常规赛程。
假设/目的：本研究的目的是确定2021年MLB赛季的受伤发生率和流行病学情况，并与2020赛季及COVID-19之前的赛季的受伤发生率进行比较。假设是，随着恢复正常的季前训练，2021年的受伤发生率将恢复到COVID-19之前的水平。此外，还假设由于季前赛未中断，2021年赛季中期的伤病名单（IL）安置人数相对于2020年将减少，但由于2020年以来总体工作量增加，2021年整个赛季的安置人数将增加。
研究设计
描述性流行病学研究。
方法
在MLB交易数据库中搜索2018年至2021年期间被列入伤病名单的球员。按身体部位和球员位置对伤病进行分类。计算了COVID-19之前（2018 - 2019年）、2020年和2021年赛季每1000名运动员暴露次数的发生率。使用比例的z检验来确定受伤发生率之间的显著差异。
结果
2021年赛季中期的受伤发生率（9.32）与2020年（8.66）相比无显著差异（p = 0.234）。在2021年整个赛季，受伤发生率（8.69）显著高于COVID-19之前的赛季（5.13，p < 0.001），但与2020年相比无显著差异（p = 0.952）。将2021年整个赛季与2020年进行比较时，观察到足部/踝部受伤（分别为0.50对0.14，p < 0.001）和其他部位受伤（分别为1.92对0.68，p < 0.001）有所增加。
结论
2021年的总体受伤发生率显著高于COVID-19之前的赛季，并且在2021年赛季中期和整个赛季与2020年之间均未观察到显著差异，这与假设相悖。这表明尽管恢复了季前训练和常规赛季，但2021年赛季的受伤发生率仍然居高不下。
证据水平
3级。
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