Slåstad Siri, Von Hirsch Svendsen Kristin, Langhammer Arnulf
Department of Occupational Medicine, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.
J Agromedicine. 2023 Apr;28(2):300-308. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2022.2134245. Epub 2022 Oct 15.
The objective of this study was to compare the risk of developing respiratory symptoms in farmers and other occupational groups over a period of 11 to 23 years.
The study includes data from questionnaires and interviews in HUNT1-3 in The Trøndelag Health study (HUNT). In all three surveys, farmers can be identified. Two control groups are used. Control group 1 consists of all HUNT participants who are not farmers or fishermen. Control group 2 consists of occupational groups who presumably have low exposure to dust, chemicals or gases, but similar educational status as farmers. The data are analysed in SPSS 25 (IBM, Armonk NY), with use of frequency analyses and multiple binary logistic regressions.
Our main finding is that healthy farmers have increased risk of developing respiratory symptoms as wheezing or breathlessness over a period of 11 and 23 years. This increased risk is statistically significant after 11 years of follow-up (HUNT1 to HUNT2), and also after 23 years (HUNT1 to HUNT3). Corresponding results regarding wheezing and breathlessness are found for healthy farmers in HUNT2 after 12 years of follow-up in HUNT3. In a subgroup analysis, we find a highly significant difference in both wheezing and shortness of breath when at work, in believing that the symptoms are caused by work, and in having to change jobs or quit because of breathing problems.
Farmers have more respiratory symptoms than controls, and the main symptom is attacks of wheezing or breathlessness. Preventive measures such as ventilation and respiratory protection should be implemented on the farm.
本研究的目的是比较农民和其他职业群体在11至23年期间出现呼吸道症状的风险。
该研究纳入了特隆赫姆健康研究（HUNT）中HUNT1 - 3的问卷调查和访谈数据。在所有这三项调查中，农民都能被识别出来。使用了两个对照组。对照组1由所有非农民或渔民的HUNT参与者组成。对照组2由可能接触粉尘、化学品或气体较少，但教育程度与农民相似的职业群体组成。数据在SPSS 25（IBM，纽约州阿蒙克）中进行分析，采用频率分析和多元二元逻辑回归。
我们的主要发现是，健康农民在11年和23年期间出现喘息或呼吸急促等呼吸道症状的风险增加。在随访11年后（从HUNT1到HUNT2）以及23年后（从HUNT1到HUNT3），这种增加的风险在统计学上具有显著意义。在HUNT3中随访12年后，HUNT2中的健康农民在喘息和呼吸急促方面也有相应结果。在亚组分析中，我们发现在工作时喘息和呼吸急促、认为症状由工作引起以及因呼吸问题不得不更换工作或辞职方面，都存在高度显著差异。
农民比对照组有更多的呼吸道症状，主要症状是喘息或呼吸急促发作。应在农场实施通风和呼吸防护等预防措施。
