Department Chair and Associate Professor, Security and Emergency Services, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Worldwide, Daytona Beach, Florida. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1308-3637.
J Emerg Manag. 2022;19(8):123-134. doi: 10.5055/jem.0624.
Major disasters often displace populations, requiring coordinated response efforts from governmental and voluntary organizations to support and assist an influx of evacuees. Despite the frequency and significance of this occurrence, this aspect of disaster management has received limited scholarly attention, with research predominantly focusing on response and recovery at the impacted disaster sites. This study investigates disaster management and support offered to Puerto Rican evacuees arriving in Central Florida after Hurricane Maria. A multiagency resource center (MARC) was established at the Orlando Airport to support evacuees, facilitating a network of agencies to coordinate response efforts. The analysis uses data obtained through in-depth, semistructured interviews from members of the Orlando metropolitan area disaster response community who worked at the MARC center, and content analysis of state and local government documents. The results identify challenges and successes and common themes in disaster support for displaced evacuees after disasters. Results confirm some conventional wisdom about disaster response, such as persistent significant challenges related to shelter and housing, and offer new insights about how to successfully support displaced evacuees, particularly using MARCs. This study provides foundational knowledge to inform future research and contributes to the development of successful support for those who are displaced after disaster.
重大灾害往往会使人们流离失所,需要政府和志愿组织协调应对,为大量避难者提供支持和援助。尽管这种情况经常发生,且意义重大,但灾难管理的这一方面受到的学术关注有限,研究主要集中在受灾地区的应对和恢复上。本研究调查了飓风玛丽亚过后抵达中佛罗里达的波多黎各避难者所得到的灾难管理和支持。在奥兰多机场设立了一个多机构资源中心(MARC),为避难者提供支持,形成了一个机构网络,以协调应对工作。该分析使用了通过对在 MARC 中心工作的奥兰多大都市区灾难应对社区成员进行深入的半结构化访谈获得的数据,并对州和地方政府文件进行了内容分析。结果确定了灾难后为流离失所的避难者提供支持方面的挑战、成功和共同主题。结果证实了一些关于灾难应对的传统观点,例如与住所和住房相关的持续存在的重大挑战,并提供了有关如何成功支持流离失所的避难者的新见解,特别是使用 MARC。本研究为未来的研究提供了基础知识,并为那些在灾难后流离失所的人提供成功支持做出了贡献。