家属在姑息治疗住院病房中获得心理社会支持的体验：一项描述性定性研究。
Family members' experiences of psychosocial support in palliative care inpatient units: A descriptive qualitative study.
机构信息
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; INVEST Research Flagship Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
出版信息
Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2022 Dec;61:102201. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2022.102201. Epub 2022 Sep 24.
PURPOSE
The support for family members (FMs) during a patient's palliative hospital care has been rarely studied, creating a gap in how FMs can be better supported. Psychosocial support answers widely to FMs' needs. Therefore, this study aims to describe FMs' experiences of psychosocial support in specialist palliative care inpatient units from the perspective of the FMs themselves.
METHODS
A qualitative descriptive study with individual semi-structured interviews and inductive content analysis was conducted. Data were collected in four specialist palliative care inpatient units in two large hospital districts in Finland. The 32-item checklist Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies was used to ensure detailed reporting.
RESULTS
A total of 19 FMs of cancer patients receiving palliative care participated in the study. Their experiences of psychosocial support focused on Support FMs hoped for, Support practices in the care unit, and Informational support for FMs.
CONCLUSIONS
According to FMs' experiences, support focusing particularly on the FMs, safe quality patient care, proper access to information regarding the patient's care and condition, and genuine encounters with HCPs were the aspects that seemed to be the most important to the FMs. Systematic provision of support and information should be a routine model in palliative care. Additionally, a care environment that promotes FMs' presence, participation, and family-centred care is essential in FMs' support and should be considered when developing family involvement in palliative care. Furthermore, the importance of FMs receiving sufficient information, and FMs' dependence on HCPs to share the needed information, should be acknowledged. Hence, more attention should be paid to successful information sharing between the HCPs and FMs in palliative hospital care.
目的
患者在姑息治疗医院接受治疗期间，对家属（FM）的支持研究甚少，这导致如何更好地支持 FM 方面存在空白。心理社会支持广泛满足 FM 的需求。因此，本研究旨在从 FM 的角度描述姑息治疗专科住院病房中 FM 的心理社会支持体验。
方法
采用定性描述性研究，对 4 名在芬兰两个大医院区的 4 个姑息治疗专科住院病房接受姑息治疗的癌症患者的 FM 进行了个体半结构化访谈和归纳内容分析。使用《定性研究报告的统一标准清单》（Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies，32 项清单）来确保详细报告。
结果
共有 19 名癌症患者姑息治疗的 FM 参与了研究。他们对心理社会支持的体验集中在 FM 所期望的支持、关怀单元中的支持实践以及 FM 的信息支持。
结论
根据 FM 的经验，特别关注 FM、安全优质的患者护理、适当获得有关患者护理和状况的信息以及与 HCP 的真诚互动，这些方面对 FM 似乎是最重要的。系统地提供支持和信息应该是姑息治疗的常规模式。此外，促进 FM 存在、参与和以家庭为中心的关怀的护理环境对于 FM 的支持至关重要，在制定姑息治疗中家庭参与时应考虑这一点。此外，还应认识到 FM 获得足够信息的重要性，以及 FM 依赖 HCP 来分享所需信息。因此，应更加关注姑息医院护理中 HCP 和 FM 之间成功的信息共享。
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