J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2022;33(3):1519-1542. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2022.0127.
The Migrant Protection Protocols (MPP) and border closure to asylum seekers during the COVID-19 pandemic created a humanitarian crisis at the U.S.-Mexico border. This paper outlines the public health challenges and health care access barriers for asylum seekers living in a tent encampment in Matamoros, Mexico resulting from these policies. Thirty participants, including asylum seekers (n=20) and health care professionals (n=10) in the Matamoros asylum camp, were interviewed. Public health challenges included environmental exposures and inadequate infrastructure; poor sanitation and disease control; and limited safety, nutrition, education, and employment. Health care access barriers included lack of continuity of care and emergency services, resource insufficiencies, and interpersonal barriers. Policy responses to address these challenges include outlawing MPP and other immigration policies that infringe on human rights, collaborating with international partners, and implementing more creative and community-based approaches to asylum processing.
《新冠疫情期间的移民保护协议（MPP）和对寻求庇护者的边境关闭在美国-墨西哥边境造成了人道主义危机。》本文概述了由于这些政策，生活在墨西哥马塔莫罗斯难民营的寻求庇护者所面临的公共卫生挑战和获得医疗保健的障碍。在马塔莫罗斯难民营，有 30 名参与者接受了采访，包括寻求庇护者（n=20）和医疗保健专业人员（n=10）。公共卫生挑战包括环境暴露和基础设施不足；卫生条件差和疾病控制不力；以及安全、营养、教育和就业机会有限。获得医疗保健的障碍包括医疗服务连续性和紧急服务、资源不足以及人际障碍。解决这些挑战的政策应对措施包括取缔侵犯人权的 MPP 和其他移民政策，与国际伙伴合作，以及实施更具创新性和以社区为基础的庇护处理方法。
