Ivanova Petya, Kalaydzhiev Hristo, Slavov Anton, Chalova Vesela I
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritsa Blvd, Plovdiv 4002, Bulgaria.
Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritsa Blvd, Plovdiv 4002, Bulgaria.
Int J Food Sci. 2022 Sep 30;2022:4289059. doi: 10.1155/2022/4289059. eCollection 2022.
Deproteinized sunflower meal (DSM) was obtained as waste from ethanol-treated sunflower meal after alkaline extraction of proteins. The study aimed at biochemically and functionally characterizing the material concerning its potential practical application and valuability. The DSM consisted mainly of proteins (19.88%) and dietary fibers (61.06%) the majority of which were insoluble (53.09%). Cellulose (30.87%) and lignin (21.79%) were the most contributing compounds to the total amount of dietary fibers. The DSM contained Fe (133.29 mg/kg), Zn (201.56 mg/kg), and Cu (31.87 mg/kg). The analyses defined the DSM as a fiber concentrate with relatively high thermal stability. The distraction of the material began at 170°С with a maximum speed at 277°С. The highest water absorption capacity (WAC) of the DSM was observed at pH 6 and 7 (approximately 8 g HO/g sample) under all studied conditions including pH from 3 to 10 and three levels of NaCl concentrations (0.00 M, 0.03 M, and 0.25 M). At pH 7, increasing temperature from 20°C to 60°C increased the WAC of the DSM from 8.13 g HO/g sample to 9.80 g HO/g sample, respectively. Further increase in the temperature diminished the WAC of the DSM. At pH 6, the increase in temperature did not influence positively the WAC of the DSM. The study demonstrated the potential of the DSM, a waste obtained from the protein isolation process, as a valuable ingredient/additive in the food industry.
脱蛋白向日葵粕（DSM）是在对乙醇处理过的向日葵粕进行蛋白质碱性提取后作为废弃物获得的。本研究旨在对该材料进行生化和功能特性分析，以了解其潜在的实际应用和价值。DSM主要由蛋白质（19.88%）和膳食纤维（61.06%）组成，其中大部分是不溶性的（53.09%）。纤维素（30.87%）和木质素（21.79%）是膳食纤维总量中贡献最大的化合物。DSM含有铁（133.29毫克/千克）、锌（201.56毫克/千克）和铜（31.87毫克/千克）。分析将DSM定义为具有相对较高热稳定性的纤维浓缩物。该材料在170℃开始分解，在277℃时分解速度最快。在所有研究条件下，包括pH值从3到10以及三个氯化钠浓度水平（0.00M、0.03M和0.25M），DSM在pH值为6和7时观察到最高吸水率（WAC）（约8克水/克样品）。在pH值为7时，温度从20℃升高到60℃，DSM的WAC分别从8.13克水/克样品增加到9.80克水/克样品。温度进一步升高会降低DSM的WAC。在pH值为6时，温度升高对DSM的WAC没有积极影响。该研究证明了从蛋白质分离过程中获得的废弃物DSM作为食品工业中有价值的成分/添加剂的潜力。
