Ueda Shusuke, Ichiseki Toru, Shimasaki Miyako, Hirata Hiroaki, Kawahara Norio, Ueda Yoshimichi
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
Department of Pathology 2, Kanazawa Medical University Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
Am J Transl Res. 2022 Sep 15;14(9):6286-6294. eCollection 2022.
Degenerative rotator cuff tears do not heal spontaneously, necessitating surgical intervention. This makes prevention crucial, but effective prophylactic measures are currently lacking. Oxidative stress has recently been implicated as a cause of degenerative rotator cuff tears, while mitochondrial injury has been reported in the development of age-related rotator cuff degeneration. Taurine, which has antioxidant properties, has been found to be effective in the treatment of various mitochondrial abnormalities. This prompted us to investigate the inhibitory effect of taurine and some other antioxidants against rotator cuff degeneration using tenocytes.
Hydrogen peroxide (HO, 2 mM) was added to tenocytes in medium with 0.8 µM taurine (Group TAU), medium with 100 µM α-tocopherol (Group E), and medium with 150 µM ascorbic acid (Group C), then each medium was cultured for 24 h. Tenocytes supplemented with 2 mM HO alone were similarly cultured for 24 h (Group HO). In each group, immunostaining was performed for the oxidative stress marker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and advanced glycation end products (AGE), which contribute to the development of age-related rotator cuff degeneration. In addition, levels of reactive oxygen species were measured using a cell-based assay kit, and results were compared. Immunostaining was also performed for indices of apoptosis (caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3 and Bcl-2), and Western blotting was used to quantify activation of caspase-9 at an early stage in each group.
Oxidative stress and AGE levels were decreased in the E and C groups. Levels of all parameters were reduced in the TAU group.
Taurine showed preventative effects against rotator cuff degeneration. The simple method of administration and paucity of side effects make clinical application easy, and the clear potential as a novel prophylactic strategy against degenerative rotator cuff tear warrants further study.
退行性肩袖撕裂无法自行愈合，因此需要进行手术干预。这使得预防至关重要，但目前缺乏有效的预防措施。氧化应激最近被认为是退行性肩袖撕裂的一个原因，而线粒体损伤在年龄相关性肩袖退变的发展过程中也有报道。具有抗氧化特性的牛磺酸已被发现对治疗各种线粒体异常有效。这促使我们使用肌腱细胞研究牛磺酸和其他一些抗氧化剂对肩袖退变的抑制作用。
将过氧化氢（HO，2 mM）添加到含有0.8 μM牛磺酸的培养基中的肌腱细胞中（TAU组）、含有100 μM α-生育酚的培养基中的肌腱细胞中（E组）以及含有150 μM抗坏血酸的培养基中的肌腱细胞中（C组），然后将每种培养基培养24小时。仅添加2 mM HO的肌腱细胞以同样方式培养24小时（HO组）。在每组中，对氧化应激标志物8-羟基-2'-脱氧鸟苷和晚期糖基化终产物（AGE）进行免疫染色，这些物质会导致年龄相关性肩袖退变的发展。此外，使用基于细胞的检测试剂盒测量活性氧水平，并比较结果。还对凋亡指标（半胱天冬酶-9、裂解的半胱天冬酶-3和Bcl-2）进行免疫染色，并使用蛋白质印迹法在每组早期定量半胱天冬酶-9的激活情况。
E组和C组的氧化应激和AGE水平降低。TAU组所有参数水平均降低。
牛磺酸对肩袖退变具有预防作用。给药方法简单且副作用少，便于临床应用，作为一种针对退行性肩袖撕裂的新型预防策略的明显潜力值得进一步研究。
