Emergency Department, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Nursing Department, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Sep 29;10:974244. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.974244. eCollection 2022.
Clinical practicum provides nursing students with more opportunities to learn their professional knowledge and develop basic nursing skills. Intensive care unit (ICU) is often used as one of the clinical practicum departments for nursing students. Due to the characteristic fast-paced working environments, high acuity of patient care, and technical complexities of an ICU, nursing students are more susceptible to experiencing stress and lack of confidence in these settings, which hinders their professionalization and affects patient care.
The study aimed to summarize and evaluate the nursing students' experience in an ICU during their practicum and to provide a supportive ICU clinical practicum environment for them. One of the main objectives was to increase the ICU specialty nurse reserve and improve nursing care in the ICU.
The following databases were searched for related qualitative publications in Chinese and English by systematic searches across January 2022, including the nursing students' experience in ICU during their practicum: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and so on. The qualitative meta-synthesis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Two reviewers independently selected these studies and carefully evaluated the quality of each study. Meta-synthesis was then used to summarize the results.
Eleven sub-themes and 3 themes were revealed in 9 studies: challenges of clinical practicum in the ICU, the expectation of support from multiple sources, and the importance and necessity of practicum in the ICU.
Performing one's practicum in ICU was considered by the nursing students in this review as a beneficial practicum despite the challenges involved. The appropriate guidance and monitoring should be given by hospital managers and college educators.
临床实习为护理学生提供了更多学习专业知识和发展基本护理技能的机会。重症监护病房（ICU）通常是护理学生的临床实习科室之一。由于 ICU 工作节奏快、患者护理病情严重且技术复杂，护理学生在这些环境中更容易感到压力和缺乏信心，这阻碍了他们的专业化进程并影响了患者护理。
总结和评估护理学生在 ICU 实习期间的体验，并为他们提供支持性的 ICU 临床实习环境。主要目标之一是增加 ICU 专科护士储备，提高 ICU 护理质量。
系统检索了 2022 年 1 月以来中英文相关数据库中关于护理学生在 ICU 实习期间体验的定性文献，包括PubMed、Cochrane 图书馆、Web of Science 等。根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）建议，进行定性荟萃综合分析。两位评审员独立选择这些研究，并仔细评估了每项研究的质量。然后使用荟萃综合法对结果进行总结。
9 项研究中揭示了 11 个子主题和 3 个主题：ICU 临床实习的挑战、来自多方支持的期望以及 ICU 实习的重要性和必要性。
尽管存在挑战，但本综述中的护理学生认为在 ICU 进行实习是一次有益的实习。医院管理者和高校教育者应给予适当的指导和监督。
