Zhu Xiao-Ling, Tang Guang-Xiao, Liu Xue-Yan, Li Ran, Lv Sheng-Xiu, Wang Guang-Xian
Department of Radiology, Banan People's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Department of Radiology, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Jul 27;9:930678. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.930678. eCollection 2022.
(. ) is an opportunistic fungal pathogen commonly found in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients that often infects lymph nodes. Knowledge about the computed tomography (CT) characteristics of . lymphadenopathy in HIV patients is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and CT characteristics of . lymphadenopathy to improve its diagnosis and promote recognition of this type of infection in radiology.
Between February 2019 and June 2021, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical features and CT characteristics of . lymphadenopathy in 21 HIV patients.
The clinical symptoms of . infection are non-specific. Anemia (100%), fever (85.7%) and cough and sputum production (76.2%) were the most frequent symptoms. Multiple lymphadenopathies, mainly in the mediastinum (76.2%) and mesentery (82.4%), can be fused (14.3%) and necrotic (52.4%), with slight (41.7%) and moderate enhancement (58.3%) that is heterogeneous. In addition to involving the lymph nodes, the lesions involved the lungs (81.0%), liver and spleen (42.9%), and small intestine (14.3%).
. is prone to affecting lymph nodes and extranodal organs in HIV patients. Although the clinical manifestations of . infection are not specific, the possibility of infection should be considered if CT findings indicate multiple lesion sites.
（.）是一种机会性真菌病原体，常见于人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）患者中，常感染淋巴结。关于HIV患者中（.）淋巴结病的计算机断层扫描（CT）特征的知识有限。本研究的目的是调查（.）淋巴结病的临床和CT特征，以改善其诊断并促进放射学中对这种感染类型的认识。
在2019年2月至2021年6月期间，我们回顾性分析了21例HIV患者中（.）淋巴结病的临床特征和CT特征。
（.）感染的临床症状不具有特异性。贫血（100%）、发热（85.7%）以及咳嗽咳痰（76.2%）是最常见的症状。多处淋巴结病主要位于纵隔（76.2%）和肠系膜（82.4%），可融合（14.3%）并坏死（52.4%），呈轻度（41.7%）和中度强化（58.3%），且强化不均匀。除累及淋巴结外，病变还累及肺（81.0%）、肝脾（42.9%）和小肠（14.3%）。
（.）易于累及HIV患者的淋巴结和结外器官。虽然（.）感染的临床表现不具有特异性，但如果CT表现提示多个病变部位，则应考虑（.）感染的可能性。
