Fan Yanli, Ma Yuzhao, Zaman Amini Mohammad, Zhang Mingming, Li Quanqi
College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, People's Republic of China.
College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
J Sci Food Agric. 2023 Mar 15;103(4):1925-1934. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.12279. Epub 2022 Oct 31.
The North China Plain (NCP) faces a severe water shortage, and the amount of rainfall cannot guarantee the growth and development of winter wheat. Therefore, it is important to explore a suitable irrigation and planting pattern to solve the problem of water shortage in this region.
A 4-year experiment was carried out in the NCP during 2015-2019. The main plots included two planting patterns: a wide-precision planting pattern (W) and a conventional planting pattern. Two irrigation regimes were established for each planting pattern: 60-mm irrigation at the jointing stage (I1) and 60-mm irrigation delayed 10 days at the jointing stage (I2). The soil water consumption, dry matter translocation, grain yield and crop water productivity were investigated. The results showed that WI2 treatment obtained the highest grain yield and crop water productivity. The wide-precision planting pattern could significantly decrease soil water consumption; however, delayed irrigation effectively reduced soil water consumption only in normal rainfall years. The coupling of delayed irrigation at the jointing stage and a wide-precision planting pattern significantly enhanced dry matter accumulation after flowering and the contribution of dry matter accumulation after flowering to grain yield during the growing seasons. WI2 could decrease the evapotranspiration and improve the grain yield, thus increasing crop water productivity.
The combination of a wide-precision planting pattern and delayed irrigation at the jointing stage was the appropriate agronomic practice for efficient grain yield and crop water productivity in the North China Plain. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
华北平原面临严重缺水问题，降雨量无法保障冬小麦的生长发育。因此，探索合适的灌溉与种植模式以解决该地区缺水问题至关重要。
2015 - 2019年在华北平原开展了为期4年的试验。主区包括两种种植模式：宽幅精量种植模式（W）和传统种植模式。每种种植模式设置两种灌溉制度：拔节期灌溉60毫米（I1）和拔节期灌溉延迟10天（I2）。对土壤水分消耗、干物质转运、籽粒产量和作物水分生产率进行了研究。结果表明，WI2处理获得了最高的籽粒产量和作物水分生产率。宽幅精量种植模式可显著降低土壤水分消耗；然而，延迟灌溉仅在正常降雨年份有效降低了土壤水分消耗。拔节期延迟灌溉与宽幅精量种植模式的耦合显著提高了生育期开花后干物质积累以及开花后干物质积累对籽粒产量的贡献。WI2可降低蒸散量并提高籽粒产量，从而提高作物水分生产率。
宽幅精量种植模式与拔节期延迟灌溉相结合是华北平原实现高效籽粒产量和作物水分生产率的适宜农艺措施。© 2022化学工业协会。
