Neelamana Sandhya Kizhakke, Janakiram Chandrashekar
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Edappally, Kochi, Kerala, India, Phone: +91 8086872157, e-mail:
Department of Community Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Edappally, Kochi, Kerala, India.
J Contemp Dent Pract. 2022 Jun 1;23(6):659-668. Print 2022 Sep 23.
To systematically review all studies on assessment tools used to diagnose oral frailty in older adults.
A systematic search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus for articles yielded the tools published from January 2010 to January 2022. The search included articles reporting the use of the Oral Frailty risk assessment tool in older adults. A standardized protocol Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was used for data extraction. Flowchart and tables were used to demonstrate the results.
A total of 19 studies were eligible out of 58 studies retrieved from selected databases. A total of three tools were structured for oral frailty assessment in older adults as follows: Oral and maxillofacial frailty index, oral frailty index-8 (OFI-8), and oral frailty checklist. The most critical parameter in assessing oral frailty was tongue pressure and dryness of the mouth. Other parameters for assessing oral frailty include the number of remaining teeth, oral diadochokinesis (ODK), masticatory performance, pain, dysphagia, taste alteration, use of dentures, bacterial count in the tongue coat, and presence or absence of periodontitis. The predictive validity of tools for differentiating high and low risks for oral frailty did not explore yet.
There has not been much research into assessment tools for oral frailty. This comprehensive review of the available literature identified only three structured assessment tools as follows: The oral frailty checklist, the oral and maxillofacial frailty index, and OFI-8. The oral frailty checklist is the only available validated oral frailty assessment tool despite the disproportionately high prevalence of oral frailty and the projected increase.
Because an oral function examination for the elderly in their 60s is required to promote effective oral frailty countermeasures, an oral frailty assessment tool appropriate for the setting must be developed. This tool can be used as a population-wide standard of practice for screening oral frailty.
系统回顾所有关于用于诊断老年人口腔衰弱评估工具的研究。
对PubMed、谷歌学术和Scopus进行系统检索以获取文章，检索时间范围为2010年1月至2022年1月。检索包括报告在老年人中使用口腔衰弱风险评估工具的文章。采用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（JBI）的标准化方案进行数据提取。使用流程图和表格展示结果。
从选定数据库检索到的58项研究中，共有19项符合条件。共有三种工具用于老年人口腔衰弱评估，具体如下：口腔颌面衰弱指数、口腔衰弱指数-8（OFI-8）和口腔衰弱检查表。评估口腔衰弱最关键的参数是舌压力和口腔干燥。评估口腔衰弱的其他参数包括剩余牙齿数量、口腔轮替运动（ODK）、咀嚼功能、疼痛、吞咽困难、味觉改变、假牙使用情况、舌苔细菌计数以及是否存在牙周炎。尚未探讨这些工具区分口腔衰弱高风险和低风险的预测效度。
关于口腔衰弱评估工具的研究不多。对现有文献的全面综述仅确定了三种结构化评估工具，具体如下：口腔衰弱检查表、口腔颌面衰弱指数和OFI-8。尽管口腔衰弱的患病率高得不成比例且预计还会增加，但口腔衰弱检查表是唯一可用的经过验证的口腔衰弱评估工具。
由于需要对60多岁的老年人进行口腔功能检查以促进有效的口腔衰弱应对措施，因此必须开发适合该场景的口腔衰弱评估工具。该工具可作为筛查口腔衰弱的全人群标准实践方法。
