Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Cell Metab. 2022 Nov 1;34(11):1675-1699. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.09.023. Epub 2022 Oct 18.
Lipids have essential biological functions in the body (e.g., providing energy storage, acting as a signaling molecule, and being a structural component of membranes); however, an excess of lipids can promote tumorigenesis, colonization, and metastatic capacity of tumor cells. To metastasize, a tumor cell goes through different stages that require lipid-related metabolic and structural adaptations. These adaptations include altering the lipid membrane composition for invading other niches and overcoming cell death mechanisms and promoting lipid catabolism and anabolism for energy and oxidative stress protective purposes. Cancer cells also harness lipid metabolism to modulate the activity of stromal and immune cells to their advantage and to resist therapy and promote relapse. All this is especially worrying given the high fat intake in Western diets. Thus, metabolic interventions aiming to reduce lipid availability to cancer cells or to exacerbate their metabolic vulnerabilities provide promising therapeutic opportunities to prevent cancer progression and treat metastasis.
脂质在体内具有重要的生物学功能（例如，提供能量储存、作为信号分子、以及作为膜的结构成分）；然而，过量的脂质会促进肿瘤的发生、肿瘤细胞的定植和转移能力。为了转移，肿瘤细胞经历了不同的阶段，需要与脂质相关的代谢和结构适应。这些适应包括改变脂质膜的组成，以侵入其他小生境，并克服细胞死亡机制，促进脂质的分解代谢和合成代谢，以提供能量和抵御氧化应激。癌细胞还利用脂质代谢来调节基质和免疫细胞的活性，以利于自身，并抵抗治疗，促进复发。考虑到西方饮食中的高脂肪摄入量，所有这些都令人特别担忧。因此，旨在减少癌细胞脂质供应或加剧其代谢脆弱性的代谢干预措施为预防癌症进展和治疗转移提供了有希望的治疗机会。
