Twardek William M, Landsman Sean J, Cooke Steven J
Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science and Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada.
J Environ Manage. 2022 Dec 1;323:116268. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116268. Epub 2022 Sep 22.
Fish passage science and practice seeks to facilitate the movement of fish around obstacles in their habitat, primarily through the construction of fishways and culverts. Successful implementation of fish passage requires collaboration between groups with very different backgrounds and expertise, including knowledge-producers (scientists who study fish passage and related topics such as fish swimming ability) and knowledge users (engineers who apply that knowledge to design fish passage solutions). To investigate the nature of collaboration between these groups, we surveyed fish passage scientists and engineers from around the world. Respondents were asked about the importance of collaboration, mechanisms of collaboration, potential barriers to collaboration, and how collaboration can be improved. Both fish passage scientists and engineers reported high importance of collaboration and that they collaborated frequently with the other group. Respondents reported that consultation with other professionals (of their discipline and the other) was the most important means of obtaining and sharing information related to fish passage science and engineering. Both groups also tended to over-estimate their knowledge and use of the other's discipline. While respondents reported high engagement in collaboration, key themes emerged with respect to barriers to collaboration and means of improving collaboration. These included lacking a shared understanding of both disciplines, professional differences, insufficient institutional support, and inadequate sharing of knowledge (e.g., reporting and publishing). Opportunities for improving collaboration identified by respondents included 1) more interdisciplinary opportunities that facilitate interaction (particularly conferences and workshops); 2) promoting collaborative projects and interactions between fish passage scientists and engineers on project teams; and 3) ensuring that information is shared between groups (e.g., through accessible publications). Findings from this research have the potential to enhance collaboration between scientists and engineers, to the benefit of fish passage and fish populations.
鱼类洄游科学与实践旨在通过修建鱼道和涵洞等方式，帮助鱼类在其栖息地绕过障碍物进行洄游。成功实施鱼类洄游需要背景和专业知识差异很大的群体之间开展合作，其中包括知识生产者（研究鱼类洄游及相关主题如鱼类游泳能力的科学家）和知识使用者（将这些知识应用于设计鱼类洄游解决方案的工程师）。为了探究这些群体之间合作的本质，我们对来自世界各地的鱼类洄游科学家和工程师进行了调查。受访者被问及合作的重要性、合作机制、合作的潜在障碍以及如何改进合作。鱼类洄游科学家和工程师都认为合作非常重要，并且他们经常与另一群体合作。受访者表示，与其他专业人士（本学科和另一学科的）进行磋商是获取和分享与鱼类洄游科学和工程相关信息的最重要方式。两个群体还往往高估自己对另一学科的知识掌握和运用程度。虽然受访者表示积极参与合作，但在合作障碍和改进合作方式方面出现了一些关键主题。这些主题包括对两个学科缺乏共同理解、专业差异、机构支持不足以及知识共享不充分（例如报告和出版方面）。受访者提出的改进合作的机会包括：1）增加促进互动的跨学科机会（特别是会议和研讨会）；2）在项目团队中推动鱼类洄游科学家和工程师之间的合作项目和互动；3）确保群体之间共享信息（例如通过便于获取的出版物）。这项研究的结果有可能加强科学家和工程师之间的合作，从而造福鱼类洄游和鱼类种群。
