Thupakula Sreenu, Nimmala Shiva Shankar Reddy, Ravula Haritha, Chekuri Sudhakar, Padiya Raju
Department of Biochemistry, Osmania University, Amberpet, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gopanpalle, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500019, India.
Egypt Heart J. 2022 Oct 20;74(1):77. doi: 10.1186/s43044-022-00317-2.
The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been continuously increasing, and this trend is projected to continue. CVD is rapidly becoming a significant public health issue. Every year there is a spike in hospital cases of CVD, a critical health concern in lower- and middle-income countries. Based on identification of novel biomarkers, it would be necessary to study and evaluate the diagnostic requirements or CVD to expedite early detection.
The literature review was written using a wide range of sources, such as well-known medical journals, electronic databases, manuscripts, texts, and other writings from the university library. After that, we analysed the specific markers of CVD and compiled a systematic review. A growing body of clinical research aims to identify people who are at risk for cardiovascular disease by looking for biomolecules. A small number of biomarkers have been shown to be useful and reliable in medicine. Biomarkers can be used for a variety of clinical applications, such as predicting heart disease risk, diagnosing disease, or predicting outcomes. As a result of the ability for a single molecule to act as a biomarker, its usefulness in medicine is expected to increase significantly.
Based on assessing the current trends in the application of CVD markers, we discussed and described the requirements for the application of CVD biomarkers in coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatic heart disease, and other cardiovascular illnesses. Furthermore, the current review focuses on biomarkers for CVD and the procedures that should be considered to establish the comprehensive nature of the expression of biomarkers for cardiovascular illness.
心血管疾病（CVD）的患病率一直在持续上升，且预计这一趋势将继续。心血管疾病正迅速成为一个重大的公共卫生问题。每年心血管疾病的住院病例都会激增，这在低收入和中等收入国家是一个关键的健康问题。基于新型生物标志物的识别，有必要研究和评估心血管疾病的诊断要求，以加快早期检测。
文献综述使用了广泛的资料来源撰写而成，如著名医学期刊、电子数据库、手稿、文本以及大学图书馆的其他文献。之后，我们分析了心血管疾病的特定标志物并进行了系统综述。越来越多的临床研究旨在通过寻找生物分子来识别有心血管疾病风险的人群。少数生物标志物已被证明在医学上是有用且可靠的。生物标志物可用于多种临床应用，如预测心脏病风险、诊断疾病或预测预后。由于单个分子有能力充当生物标志物，其在医学上的用途有望显著增加。
基于对心血管疾病标志物应用当前趋势的评估，我们讨论并描述了心血管疾病生物标志物在冠心病、脑血管疾病、风湿性心脏病和其他心血管疾病中的应用要求。此外，当前综述聚焦于心血管疾病的生物标志物以及为确定心血管疾病生物标志物表达的全面性应考虑的程序。
