Imperial College London, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, London, UK.
Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer (CIIRC), Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
Cancer Treat Rev. 2022 Dec;111:102467. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102467. Epub 2022 Oct 5.
HPV-related diseases represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality, although effective HPV vaccines are available, potentially allowing for the elimination of these malignancies. Historically, most of the available literature has focused on cervical cancer, the fourth commonest cause of cancer-related death worldwide, whose incidence is heterogeneous mirroring the inequitable distribution of facilities for screening and treatment and vaccination programs. A broader vision of HPV vaccination impact is needed to understand the potential effect of a global high immunization coverage on both cervical cancer and other HPV-associated malignancies, in women and men. Five HPV vaccines are currently available, all inducing antibody response against the most frequent high-risk HPV types (HPV16 and 18). They are safe and strongly reduce the incidence of HPV-related diseases in clinical trials and in real-world studies, among both women and men. Therefore, WHO has set an ambitious goal for the global elimination of cervical cancer. The WHO global strategy has been launched to accomplish this goal and is supported by multiple organizations, governments, and donors, aiming at vaccinating 90% of young girls worldwide by 2030. In this setting, it is vital to optimize vaccination programs, with a focus on delivery approaches, target populations, increasing financial support, and awareness. In conclusion,HPV vaccination is safe and effective and can lead to the first case of cancer elimination worldwide. A sustained joint effort is fundamental for this goal to be reached, with optimization of this strategy and adaptation of vaccination programs to country-specific infrastructure.
HPV 相关疾病是发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一，尽管已有有效的 HPV 疫苗，但仍有可能消除这些恶性肿瘤。历史上，大多数现有文献都集中在宫颈癌上，宫颈癌是全球癌症相关死亡的第四大常见原因，其发病率存在异质性，反映了筛查和治疗设施以及疫苗接种计划的不平等分布。为了了解全球高免疫覆盖率对女性和男性的宫颈癌和其他 HPV 相关恶性肿瘤的潜在影响，需要更全面地了解 HPV 疫苗接种的影响。目前有五种 HPV 疫苗，均可针对最常见的高危 HPV 类型（HPV16 和 18）产生抗体反应。它们在临床试验和真实世界研究中都是安全的，并能强烈降低 HPV 相关疾病的发病率，无论在女性还是男性中。因此，世卫组织为全球消除宫颈癌制定了一个雄心勃勃的目标。世卫组织全球战略已经启动，以实现这一目标，并得到多个组织、政府和捐助者的支持，目标是到 2030 年在全球范围内为 90%的年轻女孩接种疫苗。在这种情况下，优化疫苗接种计划至关重要，重点是接种方法、目标人群、增加财政支持和提高认识。总之，HPV 疫苗接种既安全又有效，可以引领全球首次消除癌症。要实现这一目标，需要各国共同努力，优化这一战略，并根据各国的具体基础设施调整疫苗接种计划。
