Athar Farwa, Zahid Afra, Farooq Minaam, Ayyan Muhammad, Ashraf Mohammad, Farooq Mukarram, Naeem Faiza, Badar Aamna, Ehsan Muhammad, Hussain Ayesha, Ilyas Muhammad Abdullah
Department of Pathology, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022 Sep 17;82:104589. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104589. eCollection 2022 Oct.
Migraine is a primary headache disorder marked by episodes of moderate to severe headache that is unilateral, throbbing in character, having a duration of 4 h to three days, and associated with nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia.
Our study aims to determine the frequency of migraine in Pakistan, its association with sociodemographic variables and triggering factors, and the coping mechanisms used.
A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online survey from March 19, 2022, to June 15, 2022. The snowball sampling technique was used for data collection. The questions asked included those on sociodemographic information, screening questions, and questions on triggering factors and coping mechanisms. The screening was done using the ICHD-3 criteria and percentages were calculated using SPSS.
Of the 986 respondents, 393 suffered from migraine. The majority of them were female (78.1%), belonged to the age group 20-29 years (69.2%), and were students (76.1%). 32.8% of the migraineurs had a family history of migraine. Most frequent triggers included sleep disturbance (70.5%), stress (66.7%) and fatigue (64.4%). Of the female migraineurs, 31.8% had menstruation as a trigger. The coping mechanisms used included taking rest, medication, staying in a quiet and dark place, and doing massage.
The findings suggest that young adults, especially females, with a stressful and sleep-deprived lifestyle are more vulnerable to migraine. However, further studies must focus on trigger synergy and interrelation of triggers that precipitate migraine so a better understanding can be developed for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of migraine.
偏头痛是一种原发性头痛疾病，其特征为发作性中度至重度头痛，头痛为单侧性、搏动性，持续时间为4小时至3天，并伴有恶心、呕吐、畏光和畏声。
我们的研究旨在确定巴基斯坦偏头痛的发病率、其与社会人口统计学变量及诱发因素的关联，以及所采用的应对机制。
于2022年3月19日至2022年6月15日通过在线调查进行了一项横断面研究。采用滚雪球抽样技术收集数据。所提问题包括社会人口统计学信息、筛查问题、诱发因素及应对机制方面的问题。使用国际头痛疾病分类第三版（ICHD - 3）标准进行筛查，并使用SPSS计算百分比。
在986名受访者中，393人患有偏头痛。其中大多数为女性（78.1%），年龄在20 - 29岁之间（69.2%），且为学生（76.1%）。32.8%的偏头痛患者有偏头痛家族史。最常见的诱发因素包括睡眠障碍（70.5%）、压力（66.7%）和疲劳（64.4%）。在女性偏头痛患者中，31.8%有月经作为诱发因素。所采用的应对机制包括休息、服药、待在安静黑暗的地方以及进行按摩。
研究结果表明，生活方式压力大且睡眠不足的年轻人，尤其是女性，更容易患偏头痛。然而，进一步的研究必须聚焦于诱发偏头痛的诱发因素协同作用及相互关系，以便能更好地理解偏头痛的预防、诊断和治疗。
