College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China.
Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P. R. China.
Nanoscale Horiz. 2022 Dec 20;8(1):29-54. doi: 10.1039/d2nh00354f.
Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have attracted significant attention in large-scale energy storage systems due to their unique merits, such as intrinsic safety, low cost, and relatively high theoretical energy density. However, the dilemma of the uncontrollable Zn dendrites, severe hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and side reactions that occur on the Zn anodes have hindered their commercialization. Herein, a state-of-the-art review of the rational design of highly reversible Zn anodes for high-performance AZIBs is provided. Firstly, the fundamental understanding of Zn deposition, with regard to the nucleation, electro-crystallization, and growth of the Zn nucleus is systematically clarified. Subsequently, a comprehensive survey of the critical factors influencing Zn plating together with the current main challenges is presented. Accordingly, the rational strategies emphasizing structural design, interface engineering, and electrolyte optimization have been summarized and analyzed in detail. Finally, future perspectives on the remaining challenges are recommended, and this review is expected to shed light on the future development of stable Zn anodes toward high-performance AZIBs.
可充水系锌离子电池（AZIB）由于其固有安全性、低成本和相对较高的理论能量密度等独特优势，在大规模储能系统中引起了极大关注。然而，锌枝晶不可控、析氢反应（HER）严重以及锌阳极发生的副反应等问题阻碍了其商业化进程。本文对高性能 AZIB 用高可逆锌阳极的合理设计进行了最新综述。首先，系统阐明了锌沉积的基本原理，包括锌核的成核、电结晶和生长。随后，全面调查了影响镀锌的关键因素以及当前的主要挑战。相应地，详细总结和分析了强调结构设计、界面工程和电解质优化的合理策略。最后，对剩余挑战提出了未来展望，希望本文能为高性能 AZIB 用稳定锌阳极的未来发展提供启示。
