Sui Xin, Wang Xuemei, Yu Ling, Ji Hongbing
Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollution, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road No. 30, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Feb;30(8):21608-21618. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-23685-3. Epub 2022 Oct 22.
Four petroleum-tolerant bacteria, namely, Pseudomonas hibiscicola, Enterobacter hormaechei, Rhizobium pusense and Pseudomonas japonica were isolated. These strains showed excellent performance in the remediation of petroleum contamination with degradation percentages of 26.13%, 26.47%, 32.27%, and 18.74% for petroleum hydrocarbons, 29.63%, 70.11%, 88.38%, and 67.03% for n-docosane, and 61.00%, 96.36%, 98.00%, and 67.01% for fluorene. Accordingly, the strain of Rhizobium pusense was used to further study its underlying degradation mechanism. N-docosane could be metabolised through the pathway of subterminal oxidation by Rhizobium pusense, while the main pathway for fluorene metabolism is the meta-cleavage. R. pusense contains 10 genes that are involved in the synthetic of biosurfactants and 71 genes that are involved in the metabolism of petroleum hydrocarbons and organic pollutants, such as hydrocarbons, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene and naphthalene. This study was the first to determine that concerning the metabolism ability and metabolic genes of R. pusense for petroleum pollutant degradation, which is important for understanding the bioremediation mechanism of petroleum pollution.
分离出了四种耐石油细菌，即木槿假单胞菌、霍氏肠杆菌、普氏根瘤菌和日本假单胞菌。这些菌株在石油污染修复方面表现出色，对石油烃的降解率分别为26.13%、26.47%、32.27%和18.74%，对正二十二烷的降解率分别为29.63%、70.11%、88.38%和67.03%，对芴的降解率分别为61.00%、96.36%、98.00%和67.01%。因此，选用普氏根瘤菌菌株进一步研究其潜在的降解机制。普氏根瘤菌可通过亚末端氧化途径代谢正二十二烷，而芴代谢的主要途径是间位裂解。普氏根瘤菌含有10个参与生物表面活性剂合成的基因以及71个参与石油烃和有机污染物（如烃类、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯和萘）代谢的基因。本研究首次确定了普氏根瘤菌对石油污染物降解的代谢能力和代谢基因，这对于理解石油污染的生物修复机制具有重要意义。
