Ehlers Lars Holger, Jensen Morten B, Schack Henrik
Nordic Institute of Health Economics, Aarhus, Denmark.
Danish Center for Healthcare Improvements, Faculty of Social Sciences and Faculty of Health Sciences, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
J Pharm Policy Pract. 2022 Oct 22;15(1):69. doi: 10.1186/s40545-022-00464-6.
Competitive tenders on pharmaceuticals are one of the most effective cost-containment instruments in healthcare systems. Its effectiveness has been demonstrated, among other things, in markets for generic medicine and biosimilars. In Denmark, an internationally unique model for competitive tenders on analogue substitutable pharmaceuticals has been developed and implemented for all public hospitals.
We obtained data on all analogue competitive tenders carried out by the Danish Medicines Council from its foundation on January 1, 2017, to October 9, 2020. We calculated univariate descriptive statistics, pairwise correlations and made a multiple regression analysis on tender savings.
Average annual saving on hospital pharmaceutical purchase prices was 44.1% ranging from 0.4% to 92.8% between therapeutic areas and areas of indication. There was a significant positive correlation between tender savings and the number of competitors participating in the tender, and a significant negative correlation between tender savings and the number of days since market authorization.
This study finds analogue tenders to be similar in effect and mechanism to competitive tenders in markets for generic medicine and biosimilars. It supports the increasing number of empirical findings that competitive tendering has a high potential to generate substantial savings on healthcare budgets.
药品竞争性招标是医疗保健系统中最有效的成本控制手段之一。其有效性已在仿制药和生物类似药市场等方面得到证明。在丹麦，已为所有公立医院开发并实施了一种国际上独特的可替代药品竞争性招标模式。
我们获取了丹麦药品委员会从2017年1月1日成立至2020年10月9日期间进行的所有可替代药品竞争性招标的数据。我们计算了单变量描述性统计量、成对相关性，并对招标节省金额进行了多元回归分析。
医院药品采购价格的年均节省率为44.1%，不同治疗领域和适应症领域之间的节省率在0.4%至92.8%之间。招标节省金额与参与招标的竞争对手数量之间存在显著正相关，与自市场授权以来的天数之间存在显著负相关。
本研究发现可替代药品招标在效果和机制上与仿制药和生物类似药市场的竞争性招标相似。它支持了越来越多的实证研究结果，即竞争性招标在大幅节省医疗保健预算方面具有很大潜力。
