School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
J Affect Disord. 2023 Jan 15;321:41-46. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.10.024. Epub 2022 Oct 21.
To understand the mental health status of adolescents in China and its influencing factors.
The stratified cluster sampling method was used to evaluate the mental health status of 5633 adolescents using the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90).
There were statistically significant differences in the overall mean score of SCL-90 and the mean score of each subscale among adolescents in gender, grade, family, and region. The mean score of the interpersonal sensitivity and phobic anxiety subscales of the adolescents with rural household registration was higher than that of the urban household registration. Except for hostility and phobic anxiety subscales, there was a significant difference between junior high school and senior high school students in the remaining subscales. There were significant differences between only children and non-only children in the obsessive-compulsive symptoms and phobic anxiety subscales. The mean scores of depression, phobic anxiety, and other subscales of left-behind adolescents were significantly different from those of non-left-behind adolescents. Female gender (OR = 1.789), different-grade (junior high school sophomore: OR = 2.201; junior high school third grade: OR = 2.004; high school freshman: OR = 2.279; high school sophomore: OR = 2.947; high school senior: OR = 2.112), different-region (central region: OR = 1.302; southern region: OR = 1.925) and high school (OR = 1.281) adolescents had a higher risk of mental health problems, while those from two-parent families (OR = 0.68) had a lower risk.
This study is a cross-sectional study and not widely representative.
Gender, grade, region, and academic period are risk factors, and a two-parent family is a protective factor for adolescents' mental health.
了解中国青少年的心理健康状况及其影响因素。
采用分层整群抽样方法，用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对 5633 名青少年进行心理健康评估。
不同性别、年级、家庭和地区青少年的 SCL-90 总分及各因子分均有统计学差异。农村户籍青少年的人际敏感和恐怖焦虑因子分高于城镇户籍青少年。除敌对和恐怖焦虑因子外，初中和高中学生在其余各因子上均有显著差异。只有独生子女和非独生子女在强迫症状和恐怖焦虑因子上有显著差异。留守青少年的抑郁、恐怖焦虑和其他因子分与非留守青少年有显著差异。女性（OR=1.789）、不同年级（初中二年级：OR=2.201；初中三年级：OR=2.004；高中一年级：OR=2.279；高中二年级：OR=2.947；高中三年级：OR=2.112）、不同地区（中部地区：OR=1.302；南部地区：OR=1.925）和高中（OR=1.281）青少年心理健康问题的风险较高，而双亲家庭（OR=0.68）的青少年心理健康问题风险较低。
本研究为横断面研究，不具有广泛代表性。
性别、年级、地区和学业阶段是危险因素，双亲家庭是青少年心理健康的保护因素。
