降低法呢基二磷酸合酶水平可激活 Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞,并改善小鼠异种移植癌症模型中的肿瘤抑制作用。
Reducing farnesyl diphosphate synthase levels activates Vγ9Vδ2 T cells and improves tumor suppression in murine xenograft cancer models.
机构信息
American Gene Technologies International Inc., Rockville, MD, United States.
Viriom Inc., Rockville, MD, United States.
出版信息
Front Immunol. 2022 Oct 5;13:1012051. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1012051. eCollection 2022.
Human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are attractive candidates for cancer immunotherapy due to their potent capacity for tumor recognition and cytolysis of many tumor cell types. However, efforts to deploy clinical strategies for Vγ9Vδ2 T cell cancer therapy are hampered by insufficient potency. We are pursuing an alternate strategy of modifying tumors to increase the capacity for Vγ9Vδ2 T cell activation, as a means for strengthening the anti-tumor response by resident or ex vivo manufactured Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are activated by non-peptidic antigens including isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), a substrate of farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) in the pathway for biosynthesis of isoprenoids. In an effort to improve potency of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, we reduced FDPS expression in tumor cells using a lentivirus vector encoding a short-hairpin RNA that targets FDPS mRNA (LV-shFDPS). Prostate (PC3) or hepatocellular carcinoma (Huh-7) cells transduced with LV-shFDPS induced Vγ9Vδ2 T cell stimulation , resulting in increased cytokine expression and tumor cell cytotoxicity. Immune deficient mice implanted with LV-shFDPS transduced tumor cells showed dramatic responses to intraperitoneal injection of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells with strong suppression of tumor growth. potency was increased by transducing tumor cells with a vector expressing both shFDPS and human IL-2. Tumor suppression by Vγ9Vδ2 T cells was dose-dependent with greater effects observed in mice injected with 100% LV-shFDPS transduced cells compared to mice injected with a mixture of 50% LV-shFDPS transduced cells and 50% control (no vector) tumor cells. Delivery of LV-shFDPS by intratumoral injection was insufficient to knockdown FDPS in the majority of tumor cells, resulting in insignificant tumor suppression by Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. Thus, Vγ9Vδ2 T cells efficiently targeted and suppressed tumors expressing shFDPS in mouse xenotransplant models. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the potential for suppression of genetically modified tumors by human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells and indicates that co-expression of cytokines may boost the anti-tumor effect.
人源 Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞由于其对多种肿瘤细胞类型的强大肿瘤识别和细胞溶解能力,成为癌症免疫治疗的有吸引力的候选者。然而,由于效力不足,部署 Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞癌症治疗的临床策略的努力受到阻碍。我们正在探索一种替代策略,即修饰肿瘤以增加 Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞激活的能力,作为通过驻留或体外制造的 Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞增强抗肿瘤反应的一种手段。Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞被非肽抗原激活,包括异戊烯焦磷酸(IPP),IPP 是法呢基二磷酸合酶(FDPS)途径中异戊烯醇焦磷酸的底物,用于合成类异戊二烯。为了提高 Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞的效力,我们使用编码靶向 FDPS mRNA 的短发夹 RNA 的慢病毒载体(LV-shFDPS)降低肿瘤细胞中的 FDPS 表达。用 LV-shFDPS 转导的前列腺(PC3)或肝细胞癌(Huh-7)细胞诱导 Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞刺激,导致细胞因子表达和肿瘤细胞细胞毒性增加。植入 LV-shFDPS 转导肿瘤细胞的免疫缺陷小鼠对腹腔注射 Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞表现出强烈反应,强烈抑制肿瘤生长。用表达 shFDPS 和人白细胞介素-2 的载体转导肿瘤细胞可增加效力。Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞的肿瘤抑制作用呈剂量依赖性,与注射 100%LV-shFDPS 转导细胞的小鼠相比,注射 50%LV-shFDPS 转导细胞和 50%对照(无载体)肿瘤细胞混合物的小鼠观察到更大的效果。肿瘤内注射 LV-shFDPS 不足以使大多数肿瘤细胞中的 FDPS 失活,导致 Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞的肿瘤抑制作用不明显。因此,Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞在小鼠异种移植模型中有效地靶向和抑制表达 shFDPS 的肿瘤。这项概念验证研究证明了人源 Vγ9Vδ2 T 细胞抑制遗传修饰肿瘤的潜力,并表明细胞因子的共表达可能增强抗肿瘤作用。