Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm Prevents Alcohol and Drug Problems (STAD), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden.
Front Public Health. 2022 Oct 5;10:1017801. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1017801. eCollection 2022.
Doping is a societal problem associated with health problems, violence, and other crimes, especially when combined with alcohol and drugs. Elite, as well as recreational athletes who exercise in gyms may use doping to enhance their performance and/or improve their appearance. According to Swedish law, manufacturing, selling, supplying, possessing, and using anabolic androgenic steroids and growth hormones is forbidden. Exceptions apply if these substances are used for medical purposes and prescribed by doctors. As doping is illegal, the police authority is vital in counteracting doping.
We aimed to identify facilitators and barriers to effective doping prevention at gyms by examining police officers' views on doping as a societal problem, their experiences of doping prevention efforts, and their perceptions on what enables or hinders doping prevention.
Interviews with police officers ( = 15) were conducted from December 2021 to May 2022. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. A targeted content analysis of the material was performed.
Facilitators for effective doping prevention involving the police included the recognition of doping as a societal problem; mobilization of key actors; motivated police management and officers; adequate resource allocation; collaboration between the police, gyms, and other relevant authorities; and skills development for police and other professions. Barriers to effective doping prevention included a lack of knowledge about doping, time-consuming processes around the detection and collection of evidence in doping offenses, and competing tasks for police officers.
Doping prevention should become more efficient by taking advantage of existing facilitators and removing remaining barriers. This study could guide recommendations linked to the police organization and the surrounding society regarding doping prevention.
兴奋剂是一个与健康问题、暴力和其他犯罪有关的社会问题，尤其是当与酒精和毒品结合使用时。精英运动员和在健身房锻炼的业余运动员可能会使用兴奋剂来提高他们的表现和/或改善他们的外貌。根据瑞典法律，制造、销售、供应、拥有和使用合成代谢雄激素类固醇和生长激素是被禁止的。如果这些物质出于医疗目的并由医生开处方，则可以例外。由于兴奋剂是非法的，警察当局在打击兴奋剂方面至关重要。
通过检查警察对兴奋剂作为一个社会问题的看法、他们在兴奋剂预防工作方面的经验以及他们对促进或阻碍兴奋剂预防的因素的看法，我们旨在确定健身房有效预防兴奋剂的促进因素和障碍。
我们于 2021 年 12 月至 2022 年 5 月对警察进行了访谈（=15 人）。访谈进行了录音，并逐字记录。对材料进行了有针对性的内容分析。
有效的兴奋剂预防所涉及的警察促进因素包括将兴奋剂视为一个社会问题的认识；调动关键行为者；有动力的警察管理层和警察；充分的资源分配；警察、健身房和其他相关当局之间的合作；以及警察和其他专业人员的技能发展。有效的兴奋剂预防的障碍包括对兴奋剂缺乏了解、在兴奋剂犯罪中检测和收集证据的过程耗时且复杂，以及警察的竞争任务。
通过利用现有的促进因素并消除剩余的障碍，兴奋剂预防工作应该会更加高效。本研究可以为与警察组织和周围社会有关的兴奋剂预防工作提供指导建议。
