Improved peridynamic model and its application to crack propagation in rocks.

The conventional bond-based peridynamics (BB-PD) model is suitable for simulating the failure mode of homogeneous elastic-brittle materials. However, the strain hardening and subsequent strain softening characteristics of rocks under loading cannot be reflected. In addition, the fracture mechanisms of rock materials under tension and compression are completely different. To solve these problems, this paper proposes an improved BB-PD model using different fracture criteria in the tensile and compression stages of the bond based on previous improved models, and a critical failure condition obeying the Weibull distribution is introduced to reflect the heterogeneity of the rock. The crack propagation processes of an intact rock specimen, rock specimen with a single pre-existing flaw and rock specimens with two and three pre-existing flaws under compressive loading are simulated using the model, and its feasibility is verified by comparing with the results of previous laboratory tests. Next, the effects of the inclination angle and length on the wing crack propagation length are studied. Finally, the changes in the crack aggregation modes under different rock bridge inclination angles are simulated. Eight types of crack aggregation modes are found, and the conditions under which they may occur are analysed. The improved model proposed can effectively simulate the crack propagation and coalescing processes and has a wide application prospect for rock fracture simulations.