Department of Infectious Diseases, The Ninth People's Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan, China.
Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Oct 21;101(42):e31100. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000031100.
Limited real-world data on dolutegravir (DTG) plus lamivudine (3TC) for HIV-1-infected individuals have been reported. This study aimed to evaluated the real-world efficacy and safety of DTG + 3TC in ART-naïve HIV-1-infected adults in China. This real-world prospective observational cohort study enrolled HIV-1-infected adults receiving ART initiation with DTG + 3TC (D3 group) or tenofovir plus lamivudine and efavirenz (TDF + 3TC + EFV, TLE group) with subgroups of low viral load (LVL, ≤500,000 copies/mL) and high viral load (HVL, >500,000 copies/mL) according to baseline HIV-1 RNA. Efficacy were assessed by proportion of virologic suppression, changes of CD4+ cell count and CD4/CD8 ratio, HIV-1 DNA decay, and safety by symptoms and changes of laboratory indicators at week 4, 12, 24, 36, and 48. Totally 45 participants in D3 group and 95 in TLE group were enrolled. The proportion of HIV RNA < 50 copies/mL were 48.7% (19/39), 84.6% (33/39), 100% (39/39), 100% (39/39) in D3-LVL subgroup at week 4, 12, 24, 48, compared with 1.3% (1/75), 14.7% (11/75), 86.7% (65/75), 96.0% (72/75) in TLE-LVL subgroup, with P < .05 at week 4, 12, and 36. The proportion were 0.0% (0/6), 66.7% (4/6), 83.3% (5/6), 100% (6/6) in D3-HVL subgroup compared with 0.0% (0/20), 5.0% (1/20), 85.0% (17/20), 100% (20/20) in TLE-HVL subgroup, with P < .05 at week 12. No virologic rebound was observed in D3 group. Mean change of CD4/CD8 ratio were higher in D3-LVL versus TLE-LVL subgroup at each scheduled visit (P < .05), while CD4+ cell counts increased significantly in D3-HVL versus TLE-HVL subgroup at week 4 and 12 (P < .05). Less complaint of dizziness, insomnia, dreaminess and amnesia, lower elevated level of triglyceride and higher elevated level of creatinine from baseline to week 48 were documented in D3 group (P < .05). Total HIV-1 DNA decayed along with HIV-1 RNA after DTG + 3TC initiation in both D3-LVL and D3-HVL subgroups. DTG + 3TC achieved virological suppression more rapidly and stably versus TDF + 3TC + EFV in ART-naïve HIV-1-infected adults, with better immunological response and less adverse drug effect, and reduced total HIV-1 DNA effectively. DTG + 3TC is a potent regimen for ART-naïve individuals with HIV-1 infection.
目前已有关于多替拉韦(DTG)联合拉米夫定(3TC)治疗 HIV-1 感染者的真实世界数据有限。本研究旨在评估在中国初治 HIV-1 感染者中,DTG 联合 3TC 的真实世界疗效和安全性。这是一项真实世界、前瞻性观察性队列研究,纳入了接受 DTG 联合 3TC(D3 组)或替诺福韦联合拉米夫定和依非韦伦(TDF+3TC+EFV,TLE 组)治疗的初治 HIV-1 感染者。根据基线 HIV-1 RNA,将患者分为低病毒载量(LVL,≤500,000 拷贝/mL)和高病毒载量(HVL,>500,000 拷贝/mL)亚组。疗效评估通过病毒学抑制比例、CD4+细胞计数和 CD4/CD8 比值变化、HIV-1 DNA 衰减以及第 4、12、24、36 和 48 周时症状和实验室指标变化来评估。D3 组共纳入 45 例患者,TLE 组纳入 95 例患者。在 D3-LVL 亚组中,第 4、12、24 和 48 周时 HIV RNA<50 拷贝/mL 的比例分别为 48.7%(19/39)、84.6%(33/39)、100%(39/39)和 100%(39/39),而在 TLE-LVL 亚组中,相应的比例分别为 1.3%(1/75)、14.7%(11/75)、86.7%(65/75)和 96.0%(72/75),第 4、12 和 36 周时 P<0.05。在 D3-HVL 亚组中,第 4、6、12 和 24 周时 HIV RNA<50 拷贝/mL 的比例分别为 0.0%(0/6)、66.7%(4/6)、83.3%(5/6)和 100%(6/6),而在 TLE-HVL 亚组中,相应的比例分别为 0.0%(0/20)、5.0%(1/20)、85.0%(17/20)和 100%(20/20),第 12 周时 P<0.05。D3 组未观察到病毒学反弹。与 TLE-LVL 亚组相比,D3-LVL 亚组在各随访时间点的 CD4/CD8 比值变化均较高(P<0.05),而 D3-HVL 亚组在第 4 和 12 周时 CD4+细胞计数显著增加(P<0.05)。与 TLE 组相比,D3 组在第 4 周和第 48 周时头晕、失眠、多梦、记忆力减退的发生率较低,甘油三酯和肌酐的升高水平较低(P<0.05)。在 D3-LVL 和 D3-HVL 亚组中,DTG+3TC 起始后 HIV-1 DNA 与 HIV-1 RNA 一起衰减。与 TDF+3TC+EFV 相比,DTG+3TC 在初治 HIV-1 感染者中更快、更稳定地实现病毒学抑制,具有更好的免疫应答和较少的药物不良反应,并有效降低总 HIV-1 DNA。DTG+3TC 是一种有效的治疗方案,适用于 HIV-1 感染的初治患者。