Strachota Beata, Strachota Adam, Byś Katarzyna, Pavlova Ewa, Hodan Jiří, Mossety-Leszczak Beata
Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho nam. 2, CZ-162 00 Praha, Czech Republic.
Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, al. PowstancowWarszawy 6, PL-35-959 Rzeszow, Poland.
Gels. 2022 Oct 15;8(10):657. doi: 10.3390/gels8100657.
Novel solvent-free ultra-extensible, tough, and self-healing nanocomposite elastomers were synthesized. The self-assembled materials were based on the copolymer matrix poly(methoxyethyl acrylate-co-sodium methacrylate) physically crosslinked by clay nano-platelets ('poly[MEA-co-SMA]/clay'). Depending on the content of SMA, the super-elastomers were predominantly hydrophobic, water-swelling, or fully water-soluble, and hence repeatedly processible. The SMA co-monomer introduces a tremendous increase in tensile strength, an increase in toughness, while ultra-extensibility is preserved. By tuning the contents of nano-clay and SMA co-monomer, a very wide range of product properties was achieved, including extreme ultra-extensibility, or high stiffness combined with more moderate super-extensibility, or very different values of tensile strength. There was very attractive, great improvement in autonomous self-healing ability induced by SMA, combined with tremendously enhanced self-recovery of internal mechanical damage: even complete self-recovery could be achieved. The ionic SMA repeat units were found to assemble to multiplets, which are phase-separated in the hydrophobic polyMEA matrix. The dynamics of SMA-units-hopping between these aggregates was of key importance for the mechanical, visco-elastic, tensile, and self-healing properties. The studied super-elastomers are attractive as advanced self-healing materials in engineering, soft robotics, and in medical or implant applications.
合成了新型无溶剂超可拉伸、坚韧且自愈合的纳米复合弹性体。这些自组装材料基于由粘土纳米片物理交联的共聚物基体聚(丙烯酸甲氧基乙酯 - 共 - 甲基丙烯酸钠)(“聚[MEA - 共 - SMA]/粘土”)。根据SMA的含量,这些超弹性体主要为疏水性、水溶胀性或完全水溶性,因此可反复加工。SMA共聚单体使拉伸强度大幅提高,韧性增加,同时保持了超可拉伸性。通过调整纳米粘土和SMA共聚单体的含量,可以实现非常广泛的产品性能,包括极高的超可拉伸性、高刚度与更适度的超可拉伸性相结合,或不同的拉伸强度值。由SMA诱导的自主自愈合能力有非常显著的极大提升,同时内部机械损伤的自我恢复能力也大大增强:甚至可以实现完全自我恢复。发现离子型SMA重复单元组装成多重体,它们在疏水性聚MEA基体中相分离。SMA单元在这些聚集体之间跳跃的动力学对机械、粘弹性、拉伸和自愈合性能至关重要。所研究的超弹性体作为先进的自愈合材料在工程、软机器人技术以及医疗或植入应用中具有吸引力。