College of Biology and Food Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
Toxins (Basel). 2022 Sep 24;14(10):665. doi: 10.3390/toxins14100665.
In order to alleviate the toxic effects of aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) on inflammatory responses in the intestine, liver, and kidney of broilers, the aflatoxin B1-degrading enzyme, montmorillonite, and compound probiotics were selected and combined to make a triple-action compound mycotoxin detoxifier (CMD). The feeding experiment was divided into two stages. In the early feeding stage (1−21 day), a total of 200 one-day-old Ross broilers were randomly divided into four groups; in the later feeding stage (22−42 day), 160 broilers aged at 22 days were assigned to four groups: Group A: basal diet (4.31 μg/kg AFB1); Group B: basal diet with 40 μg/kg AFB1; Group C: Group A plus 1.5 g/kg CMD; Group D: Group B plus 1.5 g/kg CMD. After the feeding experiment, the intestine, liver, and kidney tissues of the broilers were selected to investigate the molecular mechanism for CMD to alleviate the tissue damages. Analyses of mRNA abundances and western blotting (WB) of inflammatory factors, as well as immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of intestine, liver, and kidney tissues showed that AFB1 aggravated the inflammatory responses through NF-κB and TN-α signaling pathways via TLR pattern receptors, while the addition of CMD significantly inhibited the inflammatory responses. Phylogenetic investigation showed that AFB1 significantly increased interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK-1) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activities (p < 0.05), which were restored to normal levels by CMD addition, indicating that CMD could alleviate cell inflammatory damages induced by AFB1.
为了减轻黄曲霉毒素 B1（AFB1）对肉鸡肠道、肝脏和肾脏炎症反应的毒性作用，选择了黄曲霉毒素 B1 降解酶、蒙脱石和复合益生菌，并将其组合制成三效复合霉菌毒素脱毒剂（CMD）。该饲养实验分为两个阶段。在早期饲养阶段（1-21 天），将 200 只 1 日龄罗斯肉鸡随机分为四组；在后期饲养阶段（22-42 天），将 160 只 22 日龄的肉鸡分为四组：A 组：基础日粮（4.31μg/kg AFB1）；B 组：基础日粮加 40μg/kg AFB1；C 组：A 组加 1.5g/kg CMD；D 组：B 组加 1.5g/kg CMD。饲养实验结束后，选择肉鸡的肠道、肝脏和肾脏组织，研究 CMD 缓解组织损伤的分子机制。炎症因子的 mRNA 丰度分析和 Western blot（WB）以及肠道、肝脏和肾脏组织的免疫组织化学（IHC）染色表明，AFB1 通过 TLR 模式受体加重了炎症反应，通过 NF-κB 和 TN-α 信号通路，而添加 CMD 则显著抑制了炎症反应。系统发育研究表明，AFB1 显著增加了白细胞介素-1 受体相关激酶（IRAK-1）和丝裂原激活蛋白激酶（MAPK）的活性（p<0.05），添加 CMD 后恢复正常水平，表明 CMD 可减轻 AFB1 引起的细胞炎症损伤。
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