Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Toxins (Basel). 2022 Sep 29;14(10):678. doi: 10.3390/toxins14100678.
Mycotoxin-contaminated feeds may negatively affect broiler chickens’ health; hence, a sustainable approach to achieve mycotoxin elimination is necessary. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of red yeast (Sporidiobolus pararoseus; RY) as a novel mycotoxin binder in broilers. A total of 1440 one-week-old male broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 12 treatments in a 3 × 4 factorial design. The dietary treatments included three levels of mycotoxin-contaminated diets (0 µg kg−1 (0% of mycotoxin; MT), 50 µg kg−1 (50% MT), and 100 µg kg−1 (100% MT)) and four levels of mycotoxin binders (0.0 and 0.5 g kg−1 commercial binder, and 0.5 and 1.0 g kg−1 RY). Experimental diets were contaminated with aflatoxin B1, zearalenone, ochratoxin A, T-2 toxin, and deoxynivalenol in the basal diet. Furthermore, the parameters including feed intake, body weight, and mortality rate were recorded on a weekly basis. After feeding for 28 days, blood and organ samples were collected randomly to determine the blood biochemistry, relative organ weights, and gut health. The results indicated that mycotoxin-contaminated diets reduced the average daily weight gain (ADG), villus height (VH), and villus height per the crypt depth ratio (VH:CD) of the intestine, as well as the population of Lactobacillus sp. and Bifidobacterium sp. in the cecal (p < 0.05), whereas they increased the mycotoxins concentration in the blood samples and the apoptosis cells (TUNEL positive) in the liver tissue (p < 0.01) of broiler chicken. In contrast, RY-supplemented diets had better ADG values and lower chicken mortality rates (p < 0.05). Moreover, these combinations positively impacted the relative organ weights, blood parameters, bacteria population, intestinal morphology, and pathological changes in the hepatocytes (p < 0.05). In conclusion, RY supplementation effectively alleviated the toxicity that is induced by AFB1 and OTA, mainly, and could potentially be applied as a novel feed additive in the broiler industry.
受真菌毒素污染的饲料可能会对肉鸡的健康产生负面影响；因此，需要采取可持续的方法来消除真菌毒素。本研究旨在评估红酵母（Sporidiobolus pararoseus；RY）作为一种新型真菌毒素结合剂在肉鸡中的功效。将 1440 只 1 周龄雄性肉鸡随机分配到 3×4 因子设计的 12 种处理中。日粮处理包括三个水平的受真菌毒素污染的日粮（0μg/kg（无真菌毒素；MT）、50μg/kg（50% MT）和 100μg/kg（100% MT））和四个水平的真菌毒素结合剂（0.0 和 0.5 g/kg 商业结合剂，和 0.5 和 1.0 g/kg RY）。实验日粮在基础日粮中受到黄曲霉毒素 B1、玉米赤霉烯酮、赭曲霉毒素 A、T-2 毒素和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的污染。此外，每周记录饲料摄入量、体重和死亡率等参数。在喂养 28 天后，随机采集血液和器官样本，以确定血液生化指标、相对器官重量和肠道健康。结果表明，受真菌毒素污染的日粮降低了肉鸡的平均日增重（ADG）、绒毛高度（VH）和肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度比（VH:CD），以及盲肠中乳酸菌和双歧杆菌的数量（p<0.05），同时增加了血液样本中真菌毒素的浓度和肝脏组织中凋亡细胞（TUNEL 阳性）的数量（p<0.01）。相比之下，添加 RY 的日粮具有更高的 ADG 值和更低的鸡死亡率（p<0.05）。此外，这些组合对相对器官重量、血液参数、细菌数量、肠道形态和肝细胞的病理变化产生了积极影响（p<0.05）。综上所述，RY 补充剂有效缓解了 AFB1 和 OTA 引起的毒性，可作为肉鸡生产中一种新型饲料添加剂。
