Hamani Bachir, Taffa Adamou Guisso, Issa Salissou, Mahamadou Chaibou, Detilleux Johann, Moula Nassim
Department of Animal Production, Agronomy Faculty, Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey, Niamey BP 10 960, Niger.
Department of Animal Production, National Institute for Agronomic Research of Niger, Niamey BP 429, Niger.
Vet Sci. 2022 Oct 9;9(10):553. doi: 10.3390/vetsci9100553.
The purpose of this work was to study the effects of substitution of fishmeal by housefly larvae at different rates and different physical states in the diet of local chickens. Five diets consisted of LFD, 25DL, 50DL, 25FL and 50FL, respectively, larval-free, 25%-dried-larvae, 50%-dried-larvae, 25%-fresh-larvae and 50%-fresh-larvae diet, in which 0, 25 and 50% of fishmeal was replaced by dried and fresh larvae, was formulated. A total of 165 local chickens of three weeks old, divided into 15 boxes in batches of 11 animals were raised. The experiment consists of three replications of five treatments. At 14 weeks of age, sixty chickens were slaughtered. Butchery skills and sensory characteristics were evaluated. Thus, a small variation of the ultimate pH from 5.63 to 5.55 between the different types of meat, and a carcass yield around 66%, was recorded. Any effects of substitution rate and physical state of housefly larvae on growth performance was not observed. Feet and proventriculus percentages increased in chickens fed 25% substitution. Liver and spleen percentage, and redder breast meat, increased in chicken fed dried larvae. Yellowness of the breast, thigh-and-drumstick meat and juiciness increased with 50% substitution. There is need of an investigation for liver and spleen enlargement and housefly larvae containing pigments. Thus, housefly larvae up to 50% substitution can be a suitable alternative to fishmeal in local chicken diets.
本研究旨在探讨用不同比例和不同物理状态的家蝇幼虫替代当地土鸡日粮中鱼粉的效果。五种日粮分别为LFD、25DL、50DL、25FL和50FL，即无幼虫日粮、25%干幼虫日粮、50%干幼虫日粮、25%鲜幼虫日粮和50%鲜幼虫日粮，其中分别用干幼虫和鲜幼虫替代了0%、25%和50%的鱼粉。总共165只三周龄的当地土鸡，分成15个笼子，每个笼子11只进行饲养。实验包括对五种处理进行三次重复。在14周龄时，宰杀60只鸡，评估屠宰技能和感官特性。结果发现，不同类型肉的最终pH值从5.63略微变化到5.55，胴体产率约为66%。未观察到家蝇幼虫的替代率和物理状态对生长性能有任何影响。在25%替代率的日粮喂养的鸡中，足部和腺胃的比例增加。在喂食干幼虫的鸡中，肝脏和脾脏的比例以及胸肉颜色更红。在50%替代率时，胸肉、大腿和小腿肉的黄度以及多汁性增加。需要对肝脏和脾脏肿大以及家蝇幼虫含色素情况进行调查。因此，在家蝇幼虫替代率高达50%时，可作为当地土鸡日粮中鱼粉的合适替代品。
