Lal S, Grassino A, Thavundayil J X, Dubrovsky B
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1987;11(2-3):223-8. doi: 10.1016/0278-5846(87)90064-9.
Apomorphine (Apo), a dopamine (DA) receptor agonist, induces yawning by stimulating central DA autoreceptors. Few data are available on Apo-induced yawning in man. A simple method for recording and measuring Apo-induced yawning by measuring the displacement of the lower jaw using a pair of linearlized magnetometers with one sensor attached to the forehead just below the hairline and the other under the chin is described. The output of the magnetometers is fed into a DC amplifier and displayed on a strip chart recorder. Complete concordance between evaluators reading the tracings and between observed yawning and recorded yawns was found. Measuring Apo-induced yawning may provide a simple approach to evaluating DA autoreceptor function in normal subjects and in patients with psychiatric and neurological disorders. Preliminary data show that Apo-induced yawning is more marked in women than in men. This is in contrast to spontaneous and drug-induced yawning in animals which is predominantly a male phenomenon. Sleep appears to inhibit Apo-induced yawning.
阿扑吗啡（Apo）是一种多巴胺（DA）受体激动剂，通过刺激中枢DA自身受体诱导打哈欠。关于Apo诱导人类打哈欠的数据很少。本文描述了一种简单的方法，通过使用一对线性化磁力计记录和测量Apo诱导的打哈欠，其中一个传感器连接到发际线下方的前额，另一个连接到下巴下方，通过测量下颌的位移来实现。磁力计的输出被馈入直流放大器，并显示在带状图表记录仪上。发现评估者读取记录与观察到的打哈欠和记录的打哈欠之间完全一致。测量Apo诱导的打哈欠可能为评估正常受试者以及患有精神和神经疾病患者的DA自身受体功能提供一种简单的方法。初步数据表明，Apo诱导的打哈欠在女性中比在男性中更明显。这与动物中自发和药物诱导的打哈欠形成对比，后者主要是雄性现象。睡眠似乎会抑制Apo诱导的打哈欠。
