Li Changxia, Yu Wenjin, Wu Yuancai, Li Yongqiang
College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Oct 9;11(10):1999. doi: 10.3390/antiox11101999.
Hydrogen gas (H) is a unique molecular messenger, which is known to be involved in diverse physiological processes in plants, from seed germination to seedling growth to regulation of environmental stresses. In this review, we focus on the role of H in plant responses to abiotic stresses, such as temperature, osmotic stress, light, paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stresses, and metal stresses. In general, H can alleviate environmental stresses by improving the antioxidant defense system, photosynthetic capacity, re-establishing ion homeostasis and glutathione homeostasis, maintaining nutrient element homeostasis, mediating glucose metabolism and flavonoid pathways, regulating heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling, and interaction between H and nitric oxide (NO), carbonic oxide (CO), or plant hormones. In addition, some genes modulated by H under abiotic stresses are also discussed. Detailed evidence of molecular mechanisms for H-mediated particular pathways under abiotic stress, however, is scarce. Further studies regarding the regulatory roles of H in modulating abiotic stresses research should focus on the molecular details of the particular pathways that are activated in plants. More research work will improve knowledge concerning possible applications of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) to respond to abiotic stresses with the aim of enhancing crop quality and economic value.
氢气（H₂）是一种独特的分子信使，已知其参与植物从种子萌发到幼苗生长再到环境胁迫调节等多种生理过程。在本综述中，我们重点关注H₂在植物对非生物胁迫（如温度、渗透胁迫、光照、百草枯（PQ）诱导的氧化胁迫和金属胁迫）响应中的作用。一般来说，H₂可通过改善抗氧化防御系统、光合能力、重新建立离子稳态和谷胱甘肽稳态、维持营养元素稳态、介导葡萄糖代谢和类黄酮途径、调节血红素加氧酶-1（HO-1）信号以及H₂与一氧化氮（NO）、一氧化碳（CO）或植物激素之间的相互作用来缓解环境胁迫。此外，还讨论了非生物胁迫下受H₂调控的一些基因。然而，关于非生物胁迫下H₂介导特定途径的分子机制的详细证据却很匮乏。关于H₂在调节非生物胁迫研究中的调控作用的进一步研究应聚焦于植物中被激活的特定途径的分子细节。更多的研究工作将增进对富氢水（HRW）在应对非生物胁迫以提高作物品质和经济价值方面可能应用的认识。
