Markov Dmitrii D
Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Kurchatova Sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia.
Brain Sci. 2022 Sep 24;12(10):1287. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12101287.
Despite numerous studies on the neurobiology of depression, the etiological and pathophysiological mechanisms of this disorder remain poorly understood. A large number of animal models and tests to evaluate depressive-like behavior have been developed. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) is the most common and frequently used model of depression, and the sucrose preference test (SPT) is one of the most common tests for assessing anhedonia. However, not all laboratories can reproduce the main effects of CUMS, especially when this refers to a decrease in sucrose preference. It is also unknown how the state of anhedonia, assessed by the SPT, relates to the state of anhedonia in patients with depression. We analyzed the literature available in the PubMed database using keywords relevant to the topic of this narrative review. We hypothesize that the poor reproducibility of the CUMS model may be due to differences in sucrose consumption, which may be influenced by such factors as differences in sucrose preference concentration threshold, water and food deprivation, and differences in animals' susceptibility to stress. We also believe that comparisons between animal and human states of anhedonia should be made with caution because there are many inconsistencies between the two, including in assessment methods. We also tried to offer some recommendations that should improve the reproducibility of the CUMS model and provide a framework for future research.
尽管对抑郁症的神经生物学进行了大量研究,但这种疾病的病因和病理生理机制仍知之甚少。已经开发出大量用于评估类似抑郁行为的动物模型和测试。慢性不可预测轻度应激(CUMS)是最常见且最常使用的抑郁症模型,而蔗糖偏好测试(SPT)是评估快感缺失最常用的测试之一。然而,并非所有实验室都能重现CUMS的主要效应,尤其是当涉及蔗糖偏好降低时。通过SPT评估的快感缺失状态与抑郁症患者的快感缺失状态之间的关系也尚不清楚。我们使用与本叙述性综述主题相关的关键词分析了PubMed数据库中的可用文献。我们假设CUMS模型重现性差可能是由于蔗糖消耗的差异,这可能受到诸如蔗糖偏好浓度阈值差异、水和食物剥夺以及动物对应激易感性差异等因素的影响。我们还认为,动物和人类快感缺失状态之间的比较应谨慎进行,因为两者之间存在许多不一致之处,包括评估方法。我们还试图提供一些建议,这些建议应能提高CUMS模型的重现性,并为未来研究提供一个框架。