Pugh Mickeal, Perrin Paul B, Arango-Lasprilla Juan Carlos, Klyce Daniel W, Jones Shawn C T, Dautovich Natalie D
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
Department of Psychology, School of Data Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
Healthcare (Basel). 2022 Oct 19;10(10):2078. doi: 10.3390/healthcare10102078.
Previous literature has documented racial/ethnic differences in traumatic brain injury (TBI) risk, cause, treatment, and rehabilitation. The purpose of the current study was to investigate potential racial/ethnic differences in arrest probability trajectories over the first 10 years after TBI and whether injury and sociodemographic characteristics accounted for these differences. The current study included 13,195 participants with moderate-to-severe TBI in the TBI Model Systems National Database who had arrest data from at least one follow-up time point (Years 1, 2, 5, and/or 10). A series of hierarchical linear models assessed racial/ethnic differences in trajectories of arrest probability over these 10 years post-injury and then included socio-demographic and injury-related covariates. White individuals with TBI had lower arrest probability trajectories than Black and Native American individuals, and Asian individuals with TBI had lower arrest probability trajectories than White, Black, Latinx, and Native American persons. In many cases, racial/ethnic disparities persisted even when injury and sociodemographic characteristics were covaried. These results suggest that rehabilitation clinicians should assess for post-injury arrest risk factors such as age, sex, education, pre-injury unemployment, arrest history, and substance abuse, particularly in Black, Latinx, and Native American groups, and integrate programming to lessen post-injury arrest probability and improve overall rehabilitation outcomes.
以往文献记录了创伤性脑损伤（TBI）在风险、病因、治疗和康复方面的种族/民族差异。本研究的目的是调查创伤性脑损伤后前10年逮捕概率轨迹中潜在的种族/民族差异，以及损伤和社会人口学特征是否能解释这些差异。本研究纳入了创伤性脑损伤模型系统国家数据库中13195名中重度创伤性脑损伤患者，这些患者至少有一个随访时间点（第1年、第2年、第5年和/或第10年）的逮捕数据。一系列分层线性模型评估了损伤后这10年逮捕概率轨迹中的种族/民族差异，然后纳入了社会人口学和损伤相关协变量。创伤性脑损伤的白人个体比黑人和美洲原住民个体的逮捕概率轨迹更低，创伤性脑损伤的亚洲个体比白人、黑人、拉丁裔和美洲原住民个体的逮捕概率轨迹更低。在许多情况下，即使考虑了损伤和社会人口学特征，种族/民族差异仍然存在。这些结果表明，康复临床医生应评估损伤后逮捕的风险因素，如年龄、性别、教育程度、伤前失业情况、逮捕史和药物滥用情况，特别是在黑人、拉丁裔和美洲原住民群体中，并整合相关项目以降低损伤后逮捕概率，改善整体康复效果。
