Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6 Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 12;23(20):12156. doi: 10.3390/ijms232012156.
Albeit multiple studies demonstrated that (VV) have a crucial importance in vascular pathology, the informative markers and metrics of vascular inflammation defining the development of intimal hyperplasia (IH) have been vaguely studied. Here, we employed two rat models (balloon injury of the abdominal aorta and the same intervention optionally complemented with intravenous injections of calciprotein particles) and a clinical scenario (arterial and venous conduits for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery) to investigate the pathophysiological interconnections among VV, myeloperoxidase-positive (MPO) clusters, and IH. We found that the amounts of VV and MPO clusters were strongly correlated; further, MPO clusters density was significantly associated with balloon-induced IH and increased at calciprotein particle-provoked endothelial dysfunction. Likewise, number and density of VV correlated with IH in bypass grafts for CABG surgery at the pre-intervention stage and were higher in venous conduits which more frequently suffered from IH as compared with arterial grafts. Collectively, our results underline the pathophysiological importance of excessive VV upon the vascular injury or at the exposure to cardiovascular risk factors, highlight MPO clusters as an informative marker of adventitial and perivascular inflammation, and propose another mechanistic explanation of a higher long-term patency of arterial grafts upon the CABG surgery.
尽管多项研究表明血管壁血管（VV）在血管病理学中具有重要意义，但血管炎症的信息标志物和指标在很大程度上仍未得到明确研究，这些标志物和指标定义了内膜增生（IH）的发展。在这里，我们使用了两种大鼠模型（腹主动脉球囊损伤和相同的干预措施，可选地辅以静脉注射钙磷蛋白颗粒）和一种临床情况（用于冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）的动脉和静脉移植物）来研究 VV、髓过氧化物酶阳性（MPO）簇和 IH 之间的病理生理相互关系。我们发现 VV 和 MPO 簇的数量之间存在很强的相关性；此外，MPO 簇密度与球囊诱导的 IH 显著相关，并在钙磷蛋白颗粒引起的内皮功能障碍时增加。同样，在 CABG 手术的旁路移植术前阶段，VV 的数量和密度与 IH 相关，并且在静脉移植物中比在动脉移植物中更高，静脉移植物更频繁地发生 IH。总之，我们的研究结果强调了血管损伤或暴露于心血管危险因素时，过度 VV 在血管病理学中的重要性，突出了 MPO 簇作为血管外膜和血管周围炎症的信息标志物的作用，并提出了 CABG 手术后动脉移植物长期通畅率更高的另一种机制解释。
