Ogneva Irina V
Cell Biophysics Laboratory, State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 76a, Khoroshevskoyoe Shosse, 123007 Moscow, Russia.
Life (Basel). 2022 Oct 14;12(10):1601. doi: 10.3390/life12101601.
The exploration of deep space or other bodies of the solar system, associated with a long stay in microgravity or altered gravity, requires the development of fundamentally new methods of protecting the human body. Most of the negative changes in micro- or hypergravity occur at the cellular level; however, the mechanism of reception of the altered gravity and transduction of this signal, leading to the formation of an adaptive pattern of the cell, is still poorly understood. At the same time, most of the negative changes that occur in early embryos when the force of gravity changes almost disappear by the time the new organism is born. This review is devoted to the responses of early embryos and stem cells, as well as terminally differentiated germ cells, to changes in gravity. An attempt was made to generalize the data presented in the literature and propose a possible unified mechanism for the reception by a single cell of an increase and decrease in gravity based on various deformations of the cortical cytoskeleton.
对深空或太阳系其他天体的探索，伴随着在微重力或重力改变环境下的长期停留，这需要开发全新的人体保护方法。微重力或超重力环境下的大多数负面变化发生在细胞水平；然而，关于重力改变的感受机制以及该信号的转导机制（这会导致细胞形成适应性模式），目前仍知之甚少。与此同时，早期胚胎在重力改变时出现的大多数负面变化，在新生物体出生时几乎消失。本综述致力于探讨早期胚胎、干细胞以及终末分化生殖细胞对重力变化的反应。我们试图归纳文献中呈现的数据，并基于皮质细胞骨架的各种变形，提出一种单细胞感受重力增加和减少的可能统一机制。
