Wang Liyong, Liu Mingming, Wu Yongling, Zheng Hongyu
Centre for Advanced Laser Manufacturing (CALM), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 Oct 19;12(20):3677. doi: 10.3390/nano12203677.
Dust pollution presents a wide range of adverse effects to product functionalities and the quality of human life. For instance, when dust particles deposit on solar photovoltaic panels, sunlight absorption is significantly reduced, and solar-to-electrical energy conversion yield may be lowered by 51%- Conventional (manual) dust removal methods are costly, consume significant material resources, and cause irreparable damage to the solar glass surface. Therefore, it is critical to develop glass surfaces that can clean themselves or are easily cleaned by natural forces. Many approaches have been attempted to reduce dust deposition, such as developing superhydrophobic surfaces and preparing anti-static surfaces. This paper reviews the recent progress in studies of anti-dust and cleaning mechanisms or methodologies, which include investigation into micro- and nano-sized dust properties, dust deposition processes and adhesion mechanisms to surfaces, and the state-of-the-art approaches to anti-dust and easy-cleaning functions that tailor surface micro-/nanotextures, lowering surface energy via nanocoatings, and enhancing anti-static properties with nanomaterials. We compare the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches and discuss the research prospects. We envision that future research will be focused on developing transparent surfaces with multiple dust-proof functions to cope with dust-burdening operating environments.
灰尘污染对产品功能和人类生活质量产生了广泛的不利影响。例如,当灰尘颗粒沉积在太阳能光伏板上时,阳光吸收会显著减少,太阳能到电能的转换效率可能会降低51%。传统的(手动)除尘方法成本高昂,消耗大量物质资源,并且会对太阳能玻璃表面造成不可修复的损害。因此,开发能够自我清洁或易于被自然力清洁的玻璃表面至关重要。人们已经尝试了许多方法来减少灰尘沉积,例如开发超疏水表面和制备抗静电表面。本文综述了抗尘和清洁机制或方法研究的最新进展,其中包括对微米和纳米级灰尘特性、灰尘沉积过程以及灰尘与表面的粘附机制的研究,以及通过调整表面微/纳米纹理、通过纳米涂层降低表面能以及用纳米材料增强抗静电性能来实现抗尘和易清洁功能的最新方法。我们比较了各种方法的优缺点,并讨论了研究前景。我们设想未来的研究将集中在开发具有多种防尘功能的透明表面,以应对灰尘负担较重的运行环境。